Numbers 28
Berean Study Bible

The Daily Offerings

Then the LORD said to Moses,

God again gave Moses direct instruction for Israel’s worship. As the covenant mediator, Moses received and conveyed the commands that governed the nation’s sacrifices, calendar, and public devotion. The authority of these requirements rested in the LORD Himself, who had redeemed Israel and established them as His people.

Exo 33:1 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Leave this place”…
Exo 14:15 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Why are you crying out to Me?…
Exo 19:21 and the LORD said to him, “Go down and warn the people…

“Command the Israelites and say to them:

God directs Moses to instruct the nation concerning the regular sacrifices required under the covenant. Moses serves as the appointed mediator, and Israel is responsible to obey the commands given through him.

Lev 1:2 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When any of you”…
Lev 23:2 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them,…
Lev 4:2 Tell the Israelites to do as follows with one who sins…

See that you present to Me

The offerings belong to God and are brought before Him as acts of worship. Israel’s worship was not left to personal preference but was governed by God’s revealed requirements.

Exo 23:15 You are to keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread…
Deu 16:16 Three times a year all your men appear before the LORD…
Psa 96:8 Ascribe to the LORD the glory due His name;…

at its appointed time

Daily, weekly, monthly, and annual sacrifices were to be offered according to the schedule God established. These fixed times ordered Israel’s life around continual remembrance of the Lord and His provision.

Exo 13:10 Therefore you shall keep this statute at the appointed time…
1Ch 23:31 Whenever burnt offerings were presented to the LORD…
Lev 23:4 These are the LORD’s appointed feasts, the sacred assemblies…

the food for My food offerings,

The sacrifices included animals, grain, oil, and drink offerings from the produce God had given His people. Though God does not need food, the altar offerings were designated as His portion and acknowledged Him as the source of all Israel possessed.

Lev 6:17 It must not be baked with leaven; I have assigned it…
Lev 7:35 This is the portion of the food offerings to the LORD…
Lev 21:6 They must be holy to their God and not profane the name.…

as a pleasing aroma to Me.

When offered in faith and obedience, the sacrifices were acceptable to God. Their fulfillment is found in Christ, whose sacrifice fully accomplished what the offerings under the Law anticipated.

Lev 1:9 The entrails and legs must be washed with water,…
Exo 29:18 Then burn the entire ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering…
Gen 8:21 When the LORD smelled the pleasing aroma,…

And tell them that this is the food offering

God commanded Moses to establish Israel’s daily pattern of worship at the tabernacle. These sacrifices belonged to the covenant life of the nation and acknowledged that all provision and blessing came from the LORD.

Lev 1:9 The entrails and legs must be washed with water,…
Exo 29:18 Then burn the entire ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering…
Lev 3:11 Then the priest is to burn them on the altar as food…

you are to present to the LORD

The offerings were given to God alone, not as human ritual or payment, but as appointed worship before the holy God who dwelt among His people.

Lev 1:2 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When any of you”…
Lev 1:3 If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd,…
Lev 1:10 If, however, one’s offering is a burnt offering…

as a regular burnt offering each day:

The morning and evening sacrifices maintained a continual witness to Israel’s need for cleansing, consecration, and fellowship with God. Each whole burnt offering was consumed on the altar, representing complete devotion.

Exo 29:38-42 This is what you are to offer regularly on the altar…
Ezk 46:13 And you shall provide an unblemished year-old lamb…
Dan 8:11 It magnified itself, even to the Prince of the host;…

two unblemished year-old male lambs.

The lambs had to be without defect and in their prime, since God required what was whole and acceptable. Their sacrifice anticipated the perfect, sinless Lamb of God, whose offering would accomplish final atonement.

Lev 14:10 On the eighth day he is to bring two unblemished male lambs…
Lev 23:12 On the day you wave the sheaf, you shall offer a year-old lamb…
Exo 12:5 Your lamb must be an unblemished year-old male…

Offer one lamb in the morning

Each day began with a year-old lamb offered without defect as a burnt offering, accompanied by the prescribed grain and drink offerings. Israel’s day was ordered around the Lord’s altar, acknowledging His holiness, provision, and covenant claim over the nation.

Exo 29:39 Offer one lamb in the morning and the other at twilight.
Ezk 46:13 And you shall provide an unblemished year-old lamb…
2Ch 13:11 Every morning and every evening they present burnt offerings…

and the other at twilight,

A second lamb was offered as the day closed, maintaining the continual pattern of worship God commanded. The morning and evening offerings marked Israel’s dependence on the Lord in every season of the day and anticipated the perfect sacrifice of Christ, the Lamb of God.

1Ki 18:36 At the time of the evening sacrifice, Elijah…
Ezr 9:5 At the evening offering, I got up from my humiliation…
Dan 9:21 while I was still praying, Gabriel, the man I had seen…

along with a tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a grain offering,

The daily burnt offering was accompanied by a measured grain offering of fine flour, about 2.2 liters. Fine flour reflected the care and quality appropriate for worship, acknowledging that Israel’s food and daily provision came from the Lord. The grain offering also anticipates Christ, the sinless Bread of Life, who sustains His people.

Num 15:4 then the one presenting his offering to the LORD…
Lev 14:21 If, however, the person is poor and cannot afford…
Lev 2:1 “When anyone brings a grain offering to the LORD,…

mixed with a quarter hin of oil from pressed olives.

About one liter of olive oil was mixed with the flour. Olive oil was valuable in Israel for food, light, and anointing, and its inclusion made the offering complete. The oil also points to the Holy Spirit’s sanctifying work and to Jesus, the Messiah, anointed and set apart for His redemptive mission.

Exo 29:40 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…
Lev 24:2 Command the Israelites to bring you pure oil for the light,…
Exo 27:20 And you are to command the Israelites to bring you pure oil…

This is a regular burnt offering

The daily burnt offering was presented each morning and evening as Israel’s continual act of worship and atonement before God. It reminded the nation that access to the holy God required a sacrifice appointed by Him.

Exo 29:42 For the generations to come, this burnt offering…
Ezr 3:5 After that, they presented the regular burnt offerings…
2Ch 13:11 Every morning and every evening they present burnt offerings…

established at Mount Sinai

God instituted this offering when He gave Israel His covenant law at Sinai. Its regular observance placed worship at the center of Israel’s national life.

Lev 7:38 which the LORD gave Moses on Mount Sinai…
Lev 27:34 These are the commandments that the LORD gave to Moses…

as a pleasing aroma,

The sacrifice, offered in obedience and according to God’s command, was accepted by Him as an expression of covenant faithfulness.

Lev 1:9 The entrails and legs must be washed with water,…
Exo 29:18 Then burn the entire ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering…
Gen 8:21 When the LORD smelled the pleasing aroma,…

a food offering

Though God does not require food, the offering represented the dedication of what Israel possessed to Him and reflected fellowship with their covenant Lord.

Lev 3:11 Then the priest is to burn them on the altar as food…
Lev 3:16 Then the priest is to burn the food on the altar…
Lev 21:6 They must be holy to their God and not profane the name.…

to the LORD.

The sacrifice belonged to Yahweh alone, the eternal, self-existent God who redeemed Israel and established His dwelling among them.

Lev 1:2 “Speak to the Israelites and tell them: When any of you”…
Lev 17:5 For this reason the Israelites will bring to the LORD…
Deu 12:6 To that place you are to bring your burnt offerings…

The drink offering accompanying each lamb shall be a quarter hin.

Each daily lamb was accompanied by a measured drink offering of wine, about a quarter hin. The fixed amount reflected the order God required in Israel’s worship. Along with the grain offering, the wine completed the daily sacrifice, expressing thanksgiving, fellowship, and wholehearted devotion to the LORD. The lamb pointed forward to Christ, the true Lamb of God, whose sacrifice would finally deal with sin.

Num 15:5 With the burnt offering or sacrifice of each lamb,…
Exo 29:40 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…
Lev 23:13 along with its grain offering of two-tenths…

Pour out the offering of fermented drink to the LORD in the sanctuary area.

The wine was poured out before the LORD at the sanctuary rather than consumed by the priests or worshipers. It belonged wholly to God and marked the sacrifice as an act of consecration. Its pouring out anticipates Christ’s blood, shed to establish the new covenant, while the sanctuary service foreshadowed His continuing ministry for His people.

Exo 29:41 And offer the second lamb at twilight, with the same grain…
Ezr 7:17 With this money, therefore, you are to buy…
2Ch 29:35 Furthermore, the burnt offerings were abundant…

And offer the second lamb at twilight,

The evening lamb completed the daily pattern of worship established by the morning sacrifice. Offered near sunset, it marked the close of the day with atonement, thanksgiving, and renewed devotion to the LORD. Together, the morning and evening offerings testified that Israel belonged to God continually.

Exo 29:39 Offer one lamb in the morning and the other at twilight.
1Ki 18:36 At the time of the evening sacrifice, Elijah…
Dan 9:21 while I was still praying, Gabriel, the man I had seen…

with the same grain offering and drink offering as in the morning.

The accompanying grain and drink offerings matched those brought in the morning, showing that the LORD required faithful and orderly worship throughout the day. The flour, oil, and wine acknowledged His provision and expressed the people’s dependence upon Him.

Exo 29:40-41 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…
2Ki 16:15 Then King Ahaz commanded Uriah the priest,…
Lev 6:20 This is the offering that Aaron and his sons must present…

It is a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD.

God accepted the sacrifice as a pleasing aroma when it was offered according to His command and with the worshiper’s obedience. The continual offerings also pointed forward to Christ, the true Lamb of God, whose sacrifice fully accomplished what the sacrifices of the law anticipated.

Lev 1:9 The entrails and legs must be washed with water,…
Lev 1:13 The entrails and legs must be washed with water,…
Lev 2:2 and bring it to Aaron’s sons the priests.…

The Sabbath Offerings

On the Sabbath day,

Israel was to honor the seventh day as holy, resting from ordinary labor and gathering for worship. The additional sacrifices set the Sabbath apart from the regular daily offerings and marked it as a continuing sign of God’s covenant with His people.

Ezk 46:4 The burnt offering that the prince presents to the LORD…
Lev 23:3 For six days work may be done, but the seventh day…
Exo 20:8-10 Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy.…

present two unblemished year-old male lambs,

The lambs were to be in their prime and free from defect, suitable for presentation before the holy God. Their sacrifice pointed forward to Christ, the sinless Lamb who offered Himself for His people.

Exo 29:38-39 This is what you are to offer regularly on the altar…
Exo 12:5 Your lamb must be an unblemished year-old male…
Lev 1:10 If, however, one’s offering is a burnt offering…

accompanied by a grain offering of two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil,

The fine flour and oil accompanied the burnt offering, acknowledging that Israel’s harvest, labor, and daily provision came from the Lord. The prescribed amount ensured that Sabbath worship was carried out according to God’s command.

Lev 23:13 along with its grain offering of two-tenths…
Lev 2:1-2 “When anyone brings a grain offering to the LORD,…

as well as a drink offering.

The drink offering completed the sacrifice, poured out before the Lord as part of the appointed Sabbath service. Together with the lambs and grain offering, it expressed Israel’s devoted worship on the day God had set apart.

Exo 29:40-41 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…
Lev 23:18 Along with the bread you are to present…

This is the burnt offering for every Sabbath,

Each Sabbath required an additional burnt offering, marking the day as holy to the Lord. Israel’s weekly rest included public worship and sacrifice, acknowledging God as Creator, Redeemer, and covenant Lord.

2Ch 31:3 The king contributed from his own possessions…
1Ch 23:31 Whenever burnt offerings were presented to the LORD…
Ezk 46:4 The burnt offering that the prince presents to the LORD…

in addition to the regular burnt offering

The Sabbath sacrifices did not replace the daily offerings but were added to them. This greater offering set the Sabbath apart from ordinary days and showed that rest from labor was to be joined with continued devotion to God.

Exo 29:38-42 This is what you are to offer regularly on the altar…
Ezk 46:13-15 And you shall provide an unblemished year-old lamb…
Dan 8:11 It magnified itself, even to the Prince of the host;…

and its drink offering.

The accompanying drink offering completed the sacrifice prescribed for the Sabbath. Poured out before the Lord, it expressed the full dedication of Israel’s worship and anticipated the complete self-offering fulfilled in Christ.

2Ch 29:35 Furthermore, the burnt offerings were abundant…
Exo 29:40-41 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…
Lev 23:13 along with its grain offering of two-tenths…

The Monthly Offerings

At the beginning of every month,

Israel observed the New Moon as the start of a new lunar month, setting apart the day for worship and the ordering of national life.

Psa 81:3 Sound the ram’s horn at the New Moon, and at the full moon…
Isa 66:23 From one New Moon to another and from one Sabbath…
1Sa 20:5 So David told him, “Look, tomorrow is the New Moon,…

you are to present to the LORD

These sacrifices publicly acknowledged that Israel belonged to the LORD and depended on Him for continued provision and favor.

Lev 17:4 instead of bringing it to the entrance…
Deu 12:6 To that place you are to bring your burnt offerings…
Exo 23:15 You are to keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread…

a burnt offering

The offering was wholly consumed on the altar, expressing complete consecration to God.

Lev 1:3 If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd,…
Exo 29:18 Then burn the entire ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering…
Gen 8:20 Then Noah built an altar to the LORD…

of two young bulls, one ram, and seven male lambs a year old,

The substantial sacrifice reflected the importance of the monthly observance. The seven lambs marked the offering as complete, while the bulls and ram represented costly animals from the flock and herd.

Lev 23:18 Along with the bread you are to present…
Num 29:2-6 As a pleasing aroma to the LORD, you are to present…
Ezk 46:6 On the day of the New Moon, he shall offer…

all unblemished,

Only animals without defect could be offered before the holy God. Their required purity pointed forward to Christ, the sinless sacrifice offered for His people.

Lev 22:20 You must not present anything with a defect…
Deu 15:21 But if an animal has a defect, is lame or blind,…
Exo 12:5 Your lamb must be an unblemished year-old male…

along with three-tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering with each bull,

Each bull offered at the appointed festivals was accompanied by a substantial grain offering. Fine flour represented the best produce of the land, and the oil marked the offering as dedicated to the Lord. The larger measure matched the value and importance of the bull, which was commonly offered on behalf of the nation or the congregation. These required portions showed that Israel’s worship was to follow God’s instructions carefully, not personal preference.

Num 15:9 present with the bull a grain offering…
Num 29:3 together with their grain offerings of fine flour…

two-tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering with the ram,

The ram required a smaller grain offering than the bull, though it was presented with the same fine flour and oil. Each sacrifice had an appointed measure, joining the animal offering with the produce of the land God had provided. The ram often carried the idea of consecration and substitution, while the accompanying grain offering expressed thanksgiving and wholehearted devotion to the Lord.

Num 15:6 With a ram you are to prepare a grain offering…
Num 29:10 and a tenth of an ephah with each of the seven lambs.

and a tenth of an ephah of fine flour

Each lamb received about 2.2 liters of fine flour, a costly offering from Israel’s harvest. The measured amount reflected careful obedience to God’s instructions.

Num 15:4 then the one presenting his offering to the LORD…
Exo 29:40 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…

mixed with oil

Oil was added to the flour as part of the grain offering, enriching the gift brought before the LORD and acknowledging His provision.

Lev 2:4 Now if you bring an offering of grain baked in an oven…
Lev 2:5 If your offering is a grain offering prepared on a griddle,…

as a grain offering with each lamb.

At the monthly offering, each of the seven lambs was accompanied by its own grain offering. The animal and the produce of the land were presented together in thanksgiving and submission to God.

Exo 29:41 And offer the second lamb at twilight, with the same grain…
Lev 23:18 Along with the bread you are to present…

This is a burnt offering,

The lambs were wholly offered on the altar, signifying that the sacrifice belonged entirely to the LORD.

Lev 1:3 If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd,…
Exo 29:18 Then burn the entire ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering…

a pleasing aroma,

God accepted the offering when it was brought according to His command, showing His favor toward obedient worship.

Lev 1:17 He shall tear it open by its wings, without dividing……
Gen 8:21 When the LORD smelled the pleasing aroma,…

a food offering to the LORD.

The offering was consumed on the altar as a gift dedicated to God, not because He needed food, but as part of the covenant worship He established for Israel.

Lev 2:2 and bring it to Aaron’s sons the priests.…
Lev 1:9 The entrails and legs must be washed with water,…

Their drink offerings shall be half a hin of wine with each bull,

The largest wine offering accompanied each bull, matching the prominence and value of the animal in the monthly sacrifice. Wine expressed thanksgiving for God’s provision and added to the fullness of the offering presented before Him.

Num 15:8-10 When you prepare a young bull as a burnt offering…
Num 29:2 As a pleasing aroma to the LORD, you are to present…
Lev 23:18 Along with the bread you are to present…

a third of a hin with the ram,

The ram received a smaller but still substantial drink offering, ordered according to its place among the sacrificial animals. Each measure was prescribed by God and was not left to individual preference.

Num 15:6-7 With a ram you are to prepare a grain offering…
Num 29:3-4 together with their grain offerings of fine flour…
Ezk 46:4-5 The burnt offering that the prince presents to the LORD…

and a quarter hin with each lamb.

The lambs were accompanied by the smallest measure of wine. Together, the animals and drink offerings formed a complete public act of worship for the nation.

Num 15:4-5 then the one presenting his offering to the LORD…
Exo 29:40-41 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…
Lev 23:12-13 On the day you wave the sheaf, you shall offer a year-old lamb…

This is the monthly burnt offering

The offering was to be repeated at the beginning of every month. Since the burnt offering was wholly consumed on the altar, it represented Israel’s continuing dedication to the Lord.

Num 10:10 And on your joyous occasions, your appointed feasts,…
1Ch 23:31 Whenever burnt offerings were presented to the LORD…
2Ch 31:3 The king contributed from his own possessions…

to be made at each new moon throughout the year.

The new moon marked the beginning of a new month in Israel’s calendar. These regular sacrifices reminded the people that every season and every passing month belonged to God.

1Sa 20:5 So David told him, “Look, tomorrow is the New Moon,…
Psa 81:3 Sound the ram’s horn at the New Moon, and at the full moon…
Isa 66:23 From one New Moon to another and from one Sabbath…

In addition to the regular burnt offering with its drink offering,

The monthly offering was added without replacing the morning and evening sacrifices. Israel’s worship was to remain constant, with additional offerings marking the beginning of each month.

Exo 29:38-42 This is what you are to offer regularly on the altar…
Num 15:4-5 then the one presenting his offering to the LORD…

one male goat is to be presented to the LORD

One male goat was to be presented to the LORD as the required sacrifice for sin on behalf of the nation. The goat acknowledged Israel’s need for cleansing even in the midst of its regular worship and celebrations.

Lev 4:23-24 When he becomes aware of the sin he has committed,…
Num 15:24 and if it was done unintentionally…

as a sin offering.

The sacrifice provided atonement for the people and preserved their fellowship with the holy God. Like the other sin offerings, it anticipated the complete and final atonement accomplished by Christ.

Lev 16:9 he shall present the goat chosen by lot for the LORD…
2Ch 29:21 They brought seven bulls, seven rams, and seven lambs…

Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread

The fourteenth day of the first month

Israel was to observe Passover on the fourteenth day of the first month, later called Nisan. The date recalled the night before the Exodus, when the Lord delivered His people from Egypt. Its fixed place in the calendar preserved the memory of redemption at the beginning of Israel’s religious year.

Lev 23:5 The Passover to the LORD begins at twilight…
Exo 12:6 You must keep it until the fourteenth day of the month…
Num 9:3 You are to observe it at the appointed time, at twilight…

is the LORD’s Passover.

Passover belonged to the Lord and was observed according to His command. The sacrifice of the lamb and the blood placed on the doorposts marked Israel’s protection from judgment in Egypt. The event foreshadowed Christ’s sacrificial death, through which believers are delivered from sin and death.

Exo 12:11 This is how you are to eat it: You must be fully dressed…
Exo 12:27 It is the Passover sacrifice to the LORD,…
1Co 5:7 Get rid of the old leaven, that you may be…

On the fifteenth day of this month,

Israel began the Feast of Unleavened Bread on the day following Passover. The observance recalled the nation’s departure from Egypt after the Lord judged the firstborn and brought His people out in haste.

Lev 23:6 On the fifteenth day begins the Feast of Unleavened Bread…
Exo 12:18 In the first month you are to eat unleavened bread,…

there shall be a feast;

This appointed festival gathered Israel in worship and remembrance of God’s deliverance. It marked the beginning of a sacred week set apart from ordinary labor and centered on the Exodus.

Exo 12:14 And this day will be a memorial for you,…
Lev 23:7 On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly;…

for seven days

The full week gave Israel time to remember the Lord’s faithfulness and to teach each generation the events of their redemption from Egypt.

Exo 12:19 For seven days there must be no leaven found in your houses.…
Exo 13:7 Unleavened bread shall be eaten during those seven days.…

unleavened bread is to be eaten.

The removal of leaven recalled the haste of the Exodus, when the Israelites left before their dough could rise. It also pictured the separation from impurity required of those who belonged to the Lord.

Exo 12:15 For seven days you must eat unleavened bread.…
Exo 13:6 For seven days you are to eat unleavened bread,…

On the first day

On the first day, the Israelites began the Feast of Unleavened Bread, commemorating their deliverance from Egypt and the beginning of their journey as God’s redeemed people.

Lev 23:7 On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly;…
Exo 12:16 On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly,…

there is to be a sacred assembly;

The command for a sacred assembly called the nation to gather before the Lord in worship, remembering His covenant faithfulness and their shared identity as His people.

Jol 1:14 Consecrate a fast; proclaim a solemn assembly!…
Deu 16:8 For six days you must eat unleavened bread…

you must not do any regular work.

Ordinary labor ceased so that the day would be set apart for worship, rest, and remembrance of God’s provision.

Exo 20:10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God,…
Deu 5:14 the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God,…

Present to the LORD a food offering,

Israel’s worship included food offerings, a pleasing aroma to the LORD, that acknowledged Him as the giver of life and the covenant God of His people. During the Feast of Unleavened Bread, these sacrifices marked the nation’s continued dependence on Him after the remembrance of deliverance from Egypt.

Lev 1:9 The entrails and legs must be washed with water,…
Exo 29:18 Then burn the entire ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering…

a burnt offering of two young bulls,

The whole burnt offering was consumed on the altar, representing complete consecration to the LORD. Two young bulls, costly and strong animals, underscored the significance of the feast and the seriousness of approaching God in worship.

2Ch 29:32 The number of burnt offerings the assembly brought…
Ezr 8:35 Then the exiles who had returned from captivity…

one ram,

The ram completed the principal animals required for the offering. Its inclusion reflected the ordered pattern God gave Israel for public worship and sacrifice.

Lev 8:22 After that, Moses presented the other ram…
Gen 22:13 Then Abraham looked up and saw behind him a ram…

and seven male lambs a year old,

Seven lambs provided a full and fitting offering for the occasion. Lambs in their first year were at their prime, representing the best of the flock brought before the LORD.

Num 15:24 and if it was done unintentionally…
Lev 23:18 Along with the bread you are to present…

all unblemished.

Every animal had to be free from defect, because what was offered to the holy God could not be compromised or inferior. The requirement pointed forward to the sinless sacrifice of Christ.

Lev 22:20-21 You must not present anything with a defect…
Deu 17:1 You shall not sacrifice to the LORD your God…

The grain offering shall consist of fine flour mixed with oil;

Fine flour represented the best produce of the land and accompanied the animal sacrifice as an acknowledgment that Israel’s sustenance came from the Lord. The oil enriched the offering and set it apart for sacred use.

Num 15:4 then the one presenting his offering to the LORD…
Lev 2:1-2 “When anyone brings a grain offering to the LORD,…
Exo 29:40 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…

offer three-tenths of an ephah with each bull,

The larger grain portion matched the value of the bull, the most substantial animal offered in these sacrifices. It reflected the seriousness of Israel’s worship and the costliness of approaching God according to His command.

Num 29:3 together with their grain offerings of fine flour…
Num 15:9 present with the bull a grain offering…
Ezk 45:24 He shall also provide as a grain offering an ephah…

two-tenths of an ephah with the ram,

The ram required a smaller but still generous grain offering. Its prescribed measure showed that every sacrifice, whether large or small, was to be presented with the accompanying offering God had appointed.

Num 15:6-7 With a ram you are to prepare a grain offering…
Ezk 46:5 The grain offering with the ram shall be one ephah,…
Lev 9:4 an ox and a ram for a peace offering…

and a tenth of an ephah

Each lamb was accompanied by a measured grain offering of fine flour mixed with oil. The specified amount ensured that the sacrifice was presented according to God’s command and reflected the ordered worship required at Israel’s appointed feasts.

Lev 5:11 But if he cannot afford two turtledoves…
Num 15:4 then the one presenting his offering to the LORD…
Exo 29:40 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…

with each of the seven lambs.

Seven unblemished lambs were offered as a burnt offering during the Feast of Trumpets. Their number expressed the fullness of the offering, while the lambs themselves pointed to the need for an acceptable sacrifice before God, ultimately fulfilled in Christ.

Num 29:4 and a tenth of an ephah with each of the seven male lambs.
Lev 23:18 Along with the bread you are to present…
2Ch 29:21 They brought seven bulls, seven rams, and seven lambs…

Include one male goat

The goat was a valuable herd animal regularly appointed for sin offerings. Goats also figured prominently in the annual Day of Atonement, when one was sacrificed and another carried the people’s sins away into the wilderness.

Lev 4:23-24 When he becomes aware of the sin he has committed,…
Num 15:24 and if it was done unintentionally…
Lev 9:3 Then speak to the Israelites and say, ‘Take a male goat…

as a sin offering

Its blood was presented before God to deal with the uncleanness and guilt brought by sin. This preserved the holiness of Israel’s worship and enabled the people to remain in covenant fellowship with the Lord.

Lev 16:9 he shall present the goat chosen by lot for the LORD…
Lev 16:15 Aaron shall then slaughter the goat for the sin offering…
Lev 4:28 When he becomes aware of the sin he has committed,…

to make atonement for you.

Atonement required the death of a substitute, reconciling God and humanity through the shedding of blood and showing that sin brings real guilt before a holy God. These repeated sacrifices anticipated Christ’s final atoning death, by which forgiveness and reconciliation are secured.

Exo 30:15-16 In making the offering to the LORD to atone for your lives……
Lev 17:11 For the life of the flesh is in the blood…
Lev 16:30 because on this day atonement will be made…

You are to present these

God required these festival sacrifices as appointed acts of worship, offered in obedience according to His command.

Lev 23:18 Along with the bread you are to present…
Deu 12:6 To that place you are to bring your burnt offerings…
2Ch 29:31 Then Hezekiah said, “Now that you have consecrated…

in addition to

They did not replace the daily offerings but were added to them, maintaining Israel’s continual pattern of worship before the LORD.

Num 29:39 You are to present these offerings to the LORD…
Lev 23:38 These offerings are in addition to the offerings…
2Ch 8:13 He observed the daily requirement for offerings…

the regular morning burnt offering.

The daily lamb remained the foundation of the sacrificial routine, reminding Israel that atonement and devotion to God were needed every day.

Exo 29:39-42 Offer one lamb in the morning and the other at twilight.…
Ezk 46:13 And you shall provide an unblemished year-old lamb…
2Ch 13:11 Every morning and every evening they present burnt offerings…

Offer the same food each day for seven days

During the Feast of Unleavened Bread, Israel was to present the prescribed festival sacrifices each day in addition to the daily offerings. The repeated sacrifices marked the full seven-day observance following Passover.

Lev 23:36 For seven days you are to present a food offering…
Lev 23:8 For seven days you are to present a food offering…
Exo 29:37 For seven days you shall make atonement for the altar…

as a food offering, a pleasing aroma to the LORD.

These offerings were given according to God’s command and expressed Israel’s covenant worship. Their pleasing aroma signified that the sacrifice was accepted when offered in faith and obedience.

Lev 2:2 and bring it to Aaron’s sons the priests.…
Exo 29:18 Then burn the entire ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering…
Lev 1:9 The entrails and legs must be washed with water,…

It is to be offered with its drink offering

The accompanying drink offering completed the required sacrifice and was presented according to the established proportions for each animal.

Exo 29:40 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…
Num 15:10 Also present half a hin of wine as a drink offering.…
Lev 23:13 along with its grain offering of two-tenths…

and the regular burnt offering.

The festival offerings did not replace the morning and evening burnt offerings. Israel’s regular worship continued throughout the feast.

Exo 29:42 For the generations to come, this burnt offering…
Ezr 3:5 After that, they presented the regular burnt offerings…
Dan 8:13 Then I heard a holy one speaking, and another holy one…

On the seventh day

The final day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread closed the seven-day memorial of Israel’s departure from Egypt. It marked the completion of the appointed feast and recalled the Lord’s deliverance of His people from slavery.

Deu 16:8 For six days you must eat unleavened bread…
Exo 12:16 On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly,…
Lev 23:8 For seven days you are to present a food offering…

you shall hold a sacred assembly;

Israel was to gather before the Lord in a solemn public observance. The congregation’s worship and remembrance affirmed that the exodus was God’s saving work for the nation.

Jol 2:15 Blow the ram’s horn in Zion, consecrate a fast……
Jol 1:14 Consecrate a fast; proclaim a solemn assembly!…
Lev 23:7 On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly;…

you must not do any regular work.

Ordinary labor ceased so the people could devote the day to worship and the prescribed offerings. Their rest set the day apart from common activity and honored the Lord who had brought them out of Egypt.

Lev 23:3 For six days work may be done, but the seventh day…
Exo 20:10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God,…
Deu 5:14 the seventh day is a Sabbath to the LORD your God,…

The Feast of Weeks

On the day of firstfruits,

Israel celebrated the Feast of Weeks, held at the close of the wheat harvest. As one of the three annual pilgrimage festivals, it gathered the nation before the LORD in gratitude for His provision.

Exo 34:22 And you are to celebrate the Feast of Weeks…
Exo 23:16 You are also to keep the Feast of Harvest…
Lev 23:10-11 “Speak to the Israelites and say, ‘When you enter the land”…

when you present an offering of new grain to the LORD

The first produce of the harvest was given to God before the people used it for themselves. This offering acknowledged that the land, the harvest, and Israel’s continued sustenance came from the LORD.

Lev 23:16 You shall count off fifty days until the day after…
Lev 2:14 If you bring a grain offering of firstfruits to the LORD,…
Deu 26:2 you are to take some of the firstfruits of all your produce…

during the Feast of Weeks,

The feast occurred seven weeks after the offering of the first sheaf during Passover season. It was marked by rejoicing over the completed harvest and, in later Jewish tradition, by remembrance of the giving of the Law at Sinai.

Deu 16:9-10 You are to count off seven weeks from the time…
Deu 16:16 Three times a year all your men appear before the LORD…
Act 2:1 When the day of Pentecost came, they were all together…

you are to hold a sacred assembly;

The people were called together for worship and the appointed sacrifices. The gathering set the day apart from ordinary life and united Israel in public thanksgiving before God.

Lev 23:21 On that same day you are to proclaim a sacred assembly,…
Lev 23:36 For seven days you are to present a food offering…
Deu 16:8 For six days you must eat unleavened bread…

you must not do any regular work.

Daily labor ceased so that the nation could devote the day to worship, rest, and observance of the LORD’s command.

Lev 23:8 For seven days you are to present a food offering…
Lev 23:7 On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly;…
Exo 12:16 On the first day you are to hold a sacred assembly,…

Present a burnt offering of two young bulls, one ram, and seven male lambs a year old

At the Feast of Weeks, Israel brought a costly public sacrifice in addition to the regular daily offerings. The whole burnt offering was consumed on the altar, expressing atonement, consecration, and the people’s complete devotion to the LORD. The bulls, ram, and seven lambs marked the solemn importance of the occasion, while the year-old lambs represented animals of proper strength and quality.

Lev 23:18 Along with the bread you are to present…
Num 29:2 As a pleasing aroma to the LORD, you are to present…
1Ch 29:21 The next day they offered sacrifices to the LORD…

as a pleasing aroma to the LORD,

God accepted these sacrifices when they were offered according to His command. The rising smoke signified restored fellowship within the covenant and reminded Israel that approach to God required the sacrifice He appointed.

Lev 1:9 The entrails and legs must be washed with water,…
Exo 29:18 Then burn the entire ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering…
Num 15:3 and you present a food offering to the LORD from the herd…

together with their grain offerings of fine flour mixed with oil—

The grain offering accompanied the animal sacrifice and presented the fruit of Israel’s labor before God. Fine flour and oil represented a fitting, costly provision from the land God had given them.

Lev 2:1-2 “When anyone brings a grain offering to the LORD,…
Num 15:4-5 then the one presenting his offering to the LORD…
Lev 2:4 Now if you bring an offering of grain baked in an oven…

three-tenths of an ephah with each bull,

Each bull required a substantial grain offering, matching the importance of the sacrifice. The larger measure reflected the value of the animal and the solemnity of the occasion.

Num 15:9-10 present with the bull a grain offering…
Num 29:14 along with the grain offering of three-tenths of an ephah…
Num 29:3 together with their grain offerings of fine flour…

two-tenths of an ephah with the ram,

The ram required a smaller but still prescribed offering. These fixed amounts ensured that worship was ordered according to God’s commands rather than personal preference.

Num 15:6-7 With a ram you are to prepare a grain offering…
Num 29:9 together with their grain offerings of fine flour…
Ezk 46:5 The grain offering with the ram shall be one ephah,…

and a tenth of an ephah

Each lamb required its own carefully measured grain offering. The tenth of an ephah ensured that the offerings matched God’s stated pattern and that every sacrifice was accompanied by the proper tribute of grain.

Exo 29:40 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…
Lev 14:21 If, however, the person is poor and cannot afford…
Lev 5:11 But if he cannot afford two turtledoves…

with each of the seven lambs.

Seven lambs were presented as part of the festival offering, and each received the prescribed grain offering. The repeated requirement showed that no part of the sacrifice was to be omitted or treated casually.

Lev 23:18 Along with the bread you are to present…
2Ch 29:21 They brought seven bulls, seven rams, and seven lambs…
Gen 21:30 He replied, “You are to accept the seven ewe lambs…

Include one male goat

The male goat served as the sin offering within the festival sacrifices prescribed for Israel. Its blood represented the life given in place of the worshipers, addressing their uncleanness and sin before the Lord. Though offered alongside burnt offerings that expressed devotion, the goat emphasized that access to God required atonement.

Num 15:24 and if it was done unintentionally…
Lev 9:3 Then speak to the Israelites and say, ‘Take a male goat…
Lev 4:23-24 When he becomes aware of the sin he has committed,…

to make atonement for you.

The sacrifice provided ceremonial cleansing and restored the people to covenant fellowship with God. These repeated offerings showed that sin brought guilt requiring a God-appointed substitute, with atonement involving the covering or removal of sin. They anticipated Christ’s final sacrifice, through which He bore sin and secured lasting atonement for His people.

Lev 16:30 because on this day atonement will be made…
Num 15:25 The priest is to make atonement for the whole congregation…
Lev 16:15-16 Aaron shall then slaughter the goat for the sin offering…

Offer them with their drink offerings

Wine was poured out alongside the sacrifices as part of the appointed worship. It expressed thanksgiving for God’s provision and completed the offerings required for the feast.

Num 15:5 With the burnt offering or sacrifice of each lamb,…
Exo 29:40-41 With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah…

in addition to the regular burnt offering and its grain offering.

The festival sacrifices did not replace the daily morning and evening offerings. Israel’s worship continued in its regular pattern while additional offerings marked the special occasion.

Exo 29:38-42 This is what you are to offer regularly on the altar…
Ezk 46:13-15 And you shall provide an unblemished year-old lamb…

The animals must be unblemished.

Every animal presented at the altar had to be physically whole, worthy of being offered to the holy God. The requirement showed that Israel was not to bring damaged or inferior sacrifices.

Lev 22:19-21 must offer an unblemished male from the cattle…
Deu 17:1 You shall not sacrifice to the LORD your God…

This is a draft of the Berean Study Bible. Please send all comments and recommendations to bereanstudybible@aol.com.



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