Psalm 78:38
New International Version
Yet he was merciful; he forgave their iniquities and did not destroy them. Time after time he restrained his anger and did not stir up his full wrath.

New Living Translation
Yet he was merciful and forgave their sins and did not destroy them all. Many times he held back his anger and did not unleash his fury!

English Standard Version
Yet he, being compassionate, atoned for their iniquity and did not destroy them; he restrained his anger often and did not stir up all his wrath.

Berean Standard Bible
And yet He was compassionate; He forgave their iniquity and did not destroy them. He often restrained His anger and did not unleash His full wrath.

King James Bible
But he, being full of compassion, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not: yea, many a time turned he his anger away, and did not stir up all his wrath.

New King James Version
But He, being full of compassion, forgave their iniquity, And did not destroy them. Yes, many a time He turned His anger away, And did not stir up all His wrath;

New American Standard Bible
But He, being compassionate, forgave their wrongdoing and did not destroy them; And often He restrained His anger And did not stir up all His wrath.

NASB 1995
But He, being compassionate, forgave their iniquity and did not destroy them; And often He restrained His anger And did not arouse all His wrath.

NASB 1977
But He, being compassionate, forgave their iniquity, and did not destroy them; And often He restrained His anger, And did not arouse all His wrath.

Legacy Standard Bible
But He, being compassionate, atoned for their iniquity and did not destroy them; And He abounded in turning back His anger And did not arouse all His wrath.

Amplified Bible
But He, the source of compassion and lovingkindness, forgave their wickedness and did not destroy them; Many times He restrained His anger And did not stir up all His wrath.

Christian Standard Bible
Yet he was compassionate; he atoned for their iniquity and did not destroy them. He often turned his anger aside and did not unleash all his wrath.

Holman Christian Standard Bible
Yet He was compassionate; He atoned for their guilt and did not destroy them. He often turned His anger aside and did not unleash all His wrath.

American Standard Version
But he, being merciful, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not: Yea, many a time turned he his anger away, And did not stir up all his wrath.

Contemporary English Version
Yet God was kind. He kept forgiving their sins and didn't destroy them. He often became angry, but never lost his temper.

English Revised Version
But he, being full of compassion, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not: yea, many a time turned he his anger away, and did not stir up all his wrath.

GOD'S WORD® Translation
But he is compassionate. He forgave their sin. He did not destroy them. He restrained his anger many times. He did not display all of his fury.

Good News Translation
But God was merciful to his people. He forgave their sin and did not destroy them. Many times he held back his anger and restrained his fury.

International Standard Version
But he, being merciful, forgave their iniquity and didn't destroy them; He restrained his anger and didn't vent all his wrath.

Majority Standard Bible
And yet He was compassionate; He forgave their iniquity and did not destroy them. He often restrained His anger and did not unleash His full wrath.

NET Bible
Yet he is compassionate. He forgives sin and does not destroy. He often holds back his anger, and does not stir up his fury.

New Heart English Bible
But he, being merciful, forgave iniquity, and did not destroy them. Yes, many times he turned his anger away, and did not stir up all his wrath.

Webster's Bible Translation
But he, being full of compassion, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not: yes, many a time he turned his anger away, and did not stir up all his wrath.

World English Bible
But he, being merciful, forgave iniquity, and didn’t destroy them. Yes, many times he turned his anger away, and didn’t stir up all his wrath.
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And He, the Merciful One, pardons iniquity, and does not destroy, "" And has often turned back His anger, "" And does not awaken all His fury.

Young's Literal Translation
And He -- the Merciful One, Pardoneth iniquity, and destroyeth not, And hath often turned back His anger, And waketh not up all His fury.

Smith's Literal Translation
And he being compassionate will cover iniquity, and he will not destroy: and he multiplied to turn back his anger, and he will not rouse up all his wrath.
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
But he is merciful, and will forgive their sins: and will not destroy them. And many a time did he turn away his anger: and did not kindle all his wrath.

Catholic Public Domain Version
Yet he is merciful, and he will pardon their sins. And he will not destroy them. And he has abundantly turned aside his own wrath. And he did not enflame his wrath entirely.

New American Bible
But God being compassionate forgave their sin; he did not utterly destroy them. Time and again he turned back his anger, unwilling to unleash all his rage.

New Revised Standard Version
Yet he, being compassionate, forgave their iniquity, and did not destroy them; often he restrained his anger, and did not stir up all his wrath.
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
He is merciful, the forgiver of sins, and destroys not; yea, many a time turned he his anger away and did not stir up all his wrath.

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
And he is merciful and he forgives sin and does not destroy; he proceeded to turn away his wrath and did not arouse all his anger.
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
But He, being full of compassion, forgiveth iniquity, and destroyeth not; Yea, many a time doth He turn His anger away, And doth not stir up all His wrath.

Brenton Septuagint Translation
But he is compassionate, and will forgive their sins, and will not destroy them: yea, he will frequently turn away his wrath, and will not kindle all his anger.

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
I Will Open My Mouth in Parables
37Their hearts were disloyal to Him, and they were unfaithful to His covenant. 38And yet He was compassionate; He forgave their iniquity and did not destroy them. He often restrained His anger and did not unleash His full wrath. 39He remembered that they were but flesh, a passing breeze that does not return.…

Cross References
Exodus 34:6-7
Then the LORD passed in front of Moses and called out: “The LORD, the LORD God, is compassionate and gracious, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion and faithfulness, / maintaining loving devotion to a thousand generations, forgiving iniquity, transgression, and sin. Yet He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished; He will visit the iniquity of the fathers on their children and grandchildren to the third and fourth generations.”

Numbers 14:18
‘The LORD is slow to anger and abounding in loving devotion, forgiving iniquity and transgression. Yet He will by no means leave the guilty unpunished; He will visit the iniquity of the fathers upon their children to the third and fourth generation.’

Nehemiah 9:17
They refused to listen and failed to remember the wonders You performed among them. They stiffened their necks and appointed a leader to return them to their bondage in Egypt. But You are a forgiving God, gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and rich in loving devotion, and You did not forsake them.

Isaiah 55:7
Let the wicked man forsake his way and the unrighteous man his thoughts; let him return to the LORD, that He may have compassion, and to our God, for He will freely pardon.

Micah 7:18-19
Who is a God like You, who pardons iniquity and passes over the transgression of the remnant of His inheritance—who does not retain His anger forever, because He delights in loving devotion? / He will again have compassion on us; He will vanquish our iniquities. You will cast out all our sins into the depths of the sea.

Joel 2:13
So rend your hearts and not your garments, and return to the LORD your God. For He is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion. And He relents from sending disaster.

Jonah 4:2
So he prayed to the LORD, saying, “O LORD, is this not what I said while I was still in my own country? This is why I was so quick to flee toward Tarshish. I knew that You are a gracious and compassionate God, slow to anger, abounding in loving devotion—One who relents from sending disaster.

Lamentations 3:22-23
Because of the loving devotion of the LORD we are not consumed, for His mercies never fail. / They are new every morning; great is Your faithfulness!

Daniel 9:9
To the Lord our God belong compassion and forgiveness, even though we have rebelled against Him

2 Chronicles 30:9
For if you return to the LORD, your brothers and sons will receive mercy in the presence of their captors and will return to this land. For the LORD your God is gracious and merciful; He will not turn His face away from you if you return to Him.”

Matthew 6:14-15
For if you forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. / But if you do not forgive men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive yours.

Matthew 18:21-22
Then Peter came to Jesus and asked, “Lord, how many times shall I forgive my brother who sins against me? Up to seven times?” / Jesus answered, “I tell you, not just seven times, but seventy-seven times!

Luke 6:36
Be merciful, just as your Father is merciful.

Luke 23:34
Then Jesus said, “Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing.” And they divided up His garments by casting lots.

Acts 3:19
Repent, then, and turn back, so that your sins may be wiped away,


Treasury of Scripture

But he, being full of compassion, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not: yes, many a time turned he his anger away, and did not stir up all his wrath.

but he

Psalm 106:43-45
Many times did he deliver them; but they provoked him with their counsel, and were brought low for their iniquity…

Exodus 34:6-9
And the LORD passed by before him, and proclaimed, The LORD, The LORD God, merciful and gracious, longsuffering, and abundant in goodness and truth, …

Numbers 14:18-20
The LORD is longsuffering, and of great mercy, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and by no means clearing the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation

many

Isaiah 48:9
For my name's sake will I defer mine anger, and for my praise will I refrain for thee, that I cut thee not off.

Ezekiel 20:8,9,13,14,17,21,22
But they rebelled against me, and would not hearken unto me: they did not every man cast away the abominations of their eyes, neither did they forsake the idols of Egypt: then I said, I will pour out my fury upon them, to accomplish my anger against them in the midst of the land of Egypt…

did not

2 Kings 21:20
And he did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD, as his father Manasseh did.

Jump to Previous
Anger Angry Compassion Compassionate Destroy Destroyed Destroyeth End Forgave Forgiveness Forgiveth Frequently Full Fury Iniquities Iniquity Merciful Often Pity Restrained Sin Stir Time Times Turn Turned Turning Violently Waketh Wrath
Jump to Next
Anger Angry Compassion Compassionate Destroy Destroyed Destroyeth End Forgave Forgiveness Forgiveth Frequently Full Fury Iniquities Iniquity Merciful Often Pity Restrained Sin Stir Time Times Turn Turned Turning Violently Waketh Wrath
Psalm 78
1. An exhortation both to learn and to preach, the law of God
9. The story of God's wrath against the incredulous and disobedient
67. The Israelites being rejected, God chose Judah, Zion, and David.














Yet He was compassionate
The Hebrew word for "compassionate" here is "רַחוּם" (rachum), which conveys a deep sense of mercy and loving-kindness. This word is often used in the Old Testament to describe God's character, emphasizing His willingness to forgive and show mercy despite human failings. Historically, this reflects the covenant relationship between God and Israel, where God repeatedly shows compassion despite Israel's rebellion. This compassion is a cornerstone of God's nature, offering hope and assurance to believers that His love is steadfast and enduring.

He forgave their iniquity
The term "forgave" comes from the Hebrew "סָלַח" (salach), which means to pardon or spare. Iniquity, or "עָוֹן" (avon), refers to moral perversity or sin. This phrase highlights God's readiness to forgive the sins of His people, a theme that runs throughout the Bible. It underscores the grace available to those who repent and turn back to God. The historical context here is significant, as it reflects the numerous times God forgave Israel's transgressions, pointing to His patience and long-suffering nature.

and did not destroy them
The Hebrew root for "destroy" is "שָׁחַת" (shachat), meaning to ruin or annihilate. This phrase emphasizes God's restraint and mercy, choosing not to bring about the full consequences of sin upon His people. In the broader biblical narrative, this reflects God's desire for redemption rather than destruction, aligning with His ultimate plan of salvation through Jesus Christ. It serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty and His ultimate control over judgment and mercy.

He often restrained His anger
The word "restrained" is derived from the Hebrew "שׁוּב" (shuv), meaning to turn back or hold back. This phrase illustrates God's self-control and patience, choosing to withhold His righteous anger. The historical context is the repeated cycle of sin and forgiveness in Israel's history, where God, despite having every right to be angry, chooses to hold back His wrath. This restraint is a testament to His enduring love and commitment to His covenant people.

and did not unleash His full wrath
The Hebrew for "unleash" is "עִיר" (ir), which means to arouse or stir up. "Full wrath" refers to the complete and justifiable anger of God against sin. This phrase reassures believers of God's mercy, as He chooses not to unleash the full measure of His wrath. In the scriptural context, it points to the ultimate expression of God's wrath being satisfied through the sacrifice of Jesus, who bore the penalty for sin. This serves as a powerful reminder of the grace available to all who believe and the hope of salvation through Christ.

(38) The verbs in the first clause should be in the present, But he, the compassionate, forgives iniquity, and doth not destroy, and many a time he turned away, &c.

Verse 38. - But he, being full of compassion, forgave their iniquity. (On God's compassion, see Exodus 34:6, 7; Numbers 14:18; Psalm 103:8; Psalm 145:8.) And destroyed them not. The allusion is to such occasions as are noted in Exodus 32:10-14; Numbers 14:12-20; Numbers 16:21, 45-50, when God was on the point of destroying the whole people, but relented at the intercession of Moses. Yea, many a time turned he his anger away, and did not stir up all his wrath (comp. Judges 2:11-16; Judges 3:8, 9; Judges 4:2, 15; Judges 6:1-8, etc.).

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
Yet He
וְה֤וּא (wə·hū)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1931: He, self, the same, this, that, as, are

was compassionate;
רַח֨וּם ׀ (ra·ḥūm)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 7349: Compassionate

He forgave
יְכַפֵּ֥ר (yə·ḵap·pêr)
Verb - Piel - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3722: To cover, to expiate, condone, to placate, cancel

[their] iniquity
עָוֺן֮ (‘ā·wōn)
Noun - common singular
Strong's 5771: Iniquity, guilt, punishment for iniquity

and did not
וְֽלֹא־ (wə·lō-)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

destroy them.
יַ֫שְׁחִ֥ית (yaš·ḥîṯ)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7843: Perhaps to go to ruin

He often
וְ֭הִרְבָּה (wə·hir·bāh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 7235: To be or become much, many or great

restrained His anger
אַפּ֑וֹ (’ap·pōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 639: The nose, nostril, the face, a person, ire

and did not
וְלֹֽא־ (wə·lō-)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

unleash
יָ֝עִיר (yā·‘îr)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5782: To rouse oneself, awake

His full wrath.
חֲמָתֽוֹ׃ (ḥă·mā·ṯōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 2534: Heat, anger, poison


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OT Poetry: Psalm 78:38 But he being merciful forgave iniquity (Psalm Ps Psa.)
Psalm 78:37
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