Romans 2:18
New International Version
if you know his will and approve of what is superior because you are instructed by the law;

New Living Translation
You know what he wants; you know what is right because you have been taught his law.

English Standard Version
and know his will and approve what is excellent, because you are instructed from the law;

Berean Standard Bible
if you know His will and approve of what is superior because you are instructed by the law;

Berean Literal Bible
and you know His will and approve the things being superior, being instructed out of the Law,

King James Bible
And knowest his will, and approvest the things that are more excellent, being instructed out of the law;

New King James Version
and know His will, and approve the things that are excellent, being instructed out of the law,

New American Standard Bible
and know His will and distinguish the things that matter, being instructed from the Law,

NASB 1995
and know His will and approve the things that are essential, being instructed out of the Law,

NASB 1977
and know His will, and approve the things that are essential, being instructed out of the Law,

Legacy Standard Bible
and know His will and approve the things that are essential, being instructed out of the Law,

Amplified Bible
and [if you claim to] know His will and approve the things that are essential or have a sense of what is excellent, based on your instruction from the Law,

Christian Standard Bible
and know his will, and approve the things that are superior, being instructed from the law,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
know His will, and approve the things that are superior, being instructed from the law,

American Standard Version
and knowest his will, and approvest the things that are excellent, being instructed out of the law,

Contemporary English Version
By reading the Scriptures you learn how God wants you to behave, and you discover what is right.

English Revised Version
and knowest his will, and approvest the things that are excellent, being instructed out of the law,

GOD'S WORD® Translation
know what he wants, and distinguish right from wrong because you have been taught Moses' Teachings.

Good News Translation
you know what God wants you to do, and you have learned from the Law to choose what is right;

International Standard Version
and know his will, and approve of what is best because you have been instructed in the Law;

Majority Standard Bible
if you know His will and approve of what is superior because you are instructed by the law;

NET Bible
and know his will and approve the superior things because you receive instruction from the law,

New Heart English Bible
and know his will, and approve the things that are excellent, being instructed out of the law,

Webster's Bible Translation
And knowest his will, and approvest the things that are more excellent, being instructed out of the law,

Weymouth New Testament
and know the supreme will, and can test things that differ--being a man who receives instruction from the Law--

World English Bible
know his will, and approve the things that are excellent, being instructed out of the law,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
and know the will, and approve the distinctions, being instructed out of the Law,

Berean Literal Bible
and you know His will and approve the things being superior, being instructed out of the Law,

Young's Literal Translation
and dost know the will, and dost approve the distinctions, being instructed out of the law,

Smith's Literal Translation
And knowest the will, and triest things differing, being sounded out of the law;
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
And knowest his will, and approvest the more profitable things, being instructed by the law,

Catholic Public Domain Version
and you have known his will, and you demonstrate the more useful things, having been instructed by the law:

New American Bible
and know his will and are able to discern what is important since you are instructed from the law,

New Revised Standard Version
and know his will and determine what is best because you are instructed in the law,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
And because you know his will, and know the things which must be observed, which you have learned from the law,

Aramaic Bible in Plain English
You who know his will and discern what is right, you who are taught from The Written Law,
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
and know his will, and approve what is excellent, being instructed by the law:

Godbey New Testament
and know his will, and approve the things which are excellent, being taught by the law;

Haweis New Testament
and knowest the will of God, and bringest to the test the things that are different, being instructed out of the law;

Mace New Testament
you know the divine will, and what is contrary thereto, having been educated in the law:

Weymouth New Testament
and know the supreme will, and can test things that differ--being a man who receives instruction from the Law--

Worrell New Testament
and understand His will, and approve the things that are excellent, being instructed out of the law,

Worsley New Testament
and knowest his will, and approvest things that are excellent, being instructed out of the law,

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Jews and the Law
17Now you, if you call yourself a Jew; if you rely on the law and boast in God; 18if you know His will and approve of what is superior because you are instructed by the law; 19if you are convinced that you are a guide for the blind, a light for those in darkness,…

Cross References
Psalm 119:66
Teach me good judgment and knowledge, for I believe in Your commandments.

Psalm 119:27
Make clear to me the way of Your precepts; then I will meditate on Your wonders.

Psalm 119:34
Give me understanding that I may obey Your law, and follow it with all my heart.

Psalm 119:125
I am Your servant; give me understanding, that I may know Your testimonies.

Psalm 119:144
Your testimonies are righteous forever. Give me understanding, that I may live.

Psalm 119:169
May my cry come before You, O LORD; give me understanding according to Your word.

Deuteronomy 4:8
And what nation is great enough to have righteous statutes and ordinances like this entire law I set before you today?

Deuteronomy 4:6
Observe them carefully, for this will show your wisdom and understanding in the sight of the peoples, who will hear of all these statutes and say, “Surely this great nation is a wise and understanding people.”

Nehemiah 9:13
You came down on Mount Sinai and spoke with them from heaven. You gave them just ordinances, true laws, and good statutes and commandments.

Isaiah 42:21
The LORD was pleased, for the sake of His righteousness, to magnify His law and make it glorious.

Isaiah 51:7
Listen to Me, you who know what is right, you people with My law in your hearts: Do not fear the scorn of men; do not be broken by their insults.

Jeremiah 9:24
But let him who boasts boast in this, that he understands and knows Me, that I am the LORD, who exercises loving devotion, justice and righteousness on the earth—for I delight in these things,” declares the LORD.

Micah 6:8
He has shown you, O man, what is good. And what does the LORD require of you but to act justly, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God?

Matthew 23:23
Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You pay tithes of mint, dill, and cumin. But you have disregarded the weightier matters of the law: justice, mercy, and faithfulness. You should have practiced the latter, without neglecting the former.

John 7:17
If anyone desires to do His will, he will know whether My teaching is from God or whether I speak on My own.


Treasury of Scripture

And know his will, and approve the things that are more excellent, being instructed out of the law;

knowest.

Deuteronomy 4:8
And what nation is there so great, that hath statutes and judgments so righteous as all this law, which I set before you this day?

Nehemiah 9:13,14
Thou camest down also upon mount Sinai, and spakest with them from heaven, and gavest them right judgments, and true laws, good statutes and commandments: …

Psalm 147:19,20
He sheweth his word unto Jacob, his statutes and his judgments unto Israel…

Philippians 1:10
That ye may approve things that are excellent; that ye may be sincere and without offence till the day of Christ;

1 Thessalonians 5:21
Prove all things; hold fast that which is good.

Hebrews 5:14
But strong meat belongeth to them that are of full age, even those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.

being instructed.

Romans 15:4
For whatsoever things were written aforetime were written for our learning, that we through patience and comfort of the scriptures might have hope.

Psalm 19:8
The statutes of the LORD are right, rejoicing the heart: the commandment of the LORD is pure, enlightening the eyes.

Psalm 119:98-100,104,105,130
Thou through thy commandments hast made me wiser than mine enemies: for they are ever with me…

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Approve Desires Differ Different Distinctions Essential Excellent Instructed Instruction Judge Law Receives Superior Supreme Test
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Approve Desires Differ Different Distinctions Essential Excellent Instructed Instruction Judge Law Receives Superior Supreme Test
Romans 2
1. No excuse for sin.
6. No escape from judgment.
14. Gentiles cannot;
17. nor Jews.














and know His will
The phrase "know His will" implies a deep, intimate understanding of God's desires and purposes. The Greek word for "know" here is "ginōskō," which suggests not just intellectual awareness but experiential knowledge. In the context of the Jewish audience Paul is addressing, this knowledge comes from a long history of interaction with God's revelations through the Law and the Prophets. Historically, the Jewish people were chosen to receive God's Law, which was a direct communication of His will. This knowledge is not merely academic but is meant to transform the heart and guide one's actions.

and approve of what is superior
The word "approve" in Greek is "dokimazō," which means to test, examine, and recognize as genuine. This implies a process of discernment and judgment, where one evaluates and esteems what is excellent or superior. The phrase "what is superior" refers to moral and spiritual excellence, aligning with God's standards. In the historical context, the Jews were expected to discern and uphold the higher moral and ethical standards revealed in the Law, setting them apart as a light to the nations.

because you are instructed by the law
The term "instructed" comes from the Greek "katecheō," which means to teach or inform. This instruction is not passive but involves active engagement with the Law, which is the Torah in the Jewish tradition. The Law was central to Jewish life, providing not only religious and moral guidance but also shaping cultural and social identity. Archaeological findings, such as ancient synagogues and Torah scrolls, highlight the importance of the Law in daily life and worship. The instruction by the Law was intended to lead to a life that reflects God's character and purposes, serving as a foundation for understanding His will and discerning what is superior.

(18) His will.--Literally, the will--i.e., "the supreme will."

Approvest the things that are more excellent.--Probably rightly given in the Authorised version, though the marginal rendering also is possible, "triest the things that differ"--i.e., "art able to discriminate between good and evil."

Being instructed.--With reference to the constant reading of the Law in the synagogue.

Verse 18. - And knowest his will, and approvest the things that are more excellent (δοκιμάζεις τὰ διαφέροντα, a phrase capable also of the meaning, "provest the things which differ," i.e. distinguishest between right and wrong; for δοκιμάζειν may mean either "to prove," or "to approve" after trial, and τὰ διαφέροντα either "things which differ," or "things which surpass." Exactly the same expression occurs in Philippians 1:10, with the same uncertainty of meaning. The difference is unimportant, both interpretations coming to the same thing), being instructed (κατηχούμενος, which implies regular training, whether catechetically in youth, or through rabbinical and synagogic teaching) out of the Law. So far the Jew's own claims on the ground of his own position have been touched on; what follows expresses his attitude with regard to others. We may observe throughout a vein of irony.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Greek
[if you]
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

know
γινώσκεις (ginōskeis)
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular
Strong's 1097: A prolonged form of a primary verb; to 'know' in a great variety of applications and with many implications.

[His]
τὸ (to)
Article - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

will
θέλημα (thelēma)
Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 2307: An act of will, will; plur: wishes, desires. From the prolonged form of ethelo; a determination, i.e. choice or inclination.

and
καὶ (kai)
Conjunction
Strong's 2532: And, even, also, namely.

approve
δοκιμάζεις (dokimazeis)
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 2nd Person Singular
Strong's 1381: From dokimos; to test; by implication, to approve.

of what
τὰ (ta)
Article - Accusative Neuter Plural
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

is superior
διαφέροντα (diapheronta)
Verb - Present Participle Active - Accusative Neuter Plural
Strong's 1308: From dia and phero; to bear through, i.e. transport; usually to bear apart, i.e. to toss about; subjectively, to 'differ', or surpass.

because you are instructed
κατηχούμενος (katēchoumenos)
Verb - Present Participle Middle or Passive - Nominative Masculine Singular
Strong's 2727: To instruct orally, teach, inform. From kata and echos; to sound down into the ears, i.e. to indoctrinate or to apprise of.

by
ἐκ (ek)
Preposition
Strong's 1537: From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out.

the
τοῦ (tou)
Article - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

Law;
νόμου (nomou)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular
Strong's 3551: From a primary nemo; law, genitive case, specially, (including the volume); also of the Gospel), or figuratively.


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NT Letters: Romans 2:18 And know his will and approve (Rom. Ro)
Romans 2:17
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