Introduction

The call of Samuel is a pivotal event in the Old Testament, marking the transition from the period of the judges to the establishment of the monarchy in Israel. This event is recorded in 1 Samuel 3 and highlights the themes of divine revelation, obedience, and the prophetic office. Samuel, a young boy serving in the temple under the priest Eli, is chosen by God to be His prophet, setting the stage for significant developments in Israel's history.

Background

Samuel was the son of Elkanah and Hannah. His birth was a direct answer to Hannah's fervent prayers, as she had been barren. In gratitude, Hannah dedicated Samuel to the Lord's service, fulfilling her vow by bringing him to the tabernacle at Shiloh to serve under Eli the priest (1 Samuel 1:24-28). This dedication set the stage for Samuel's unique role in Israel's spiritual and political life.

The Call

The narrative of God's call to Samuel is found in 1 Samuel 3. At this time, "the word of the LORD was rare; there were not many visions" (1 Samuel 3:1). This scarcity of divine communication underscores the significance of Samuel's call. One night, as Samuel lay in the temple where the ark of God was, the Lord called to him. Initially, Samuel did not recognize the voice of the Lord and assumed it was Eli calling him. After three such occurrences, Eli realized that it was the Lord calling the boy and instructed Samuel to respond, "Speak, LORD, for Your servant is listening" (1 Samuel 3:9).

The Message

When the Lord called Samuel a fourth time, Samuel responded as Eli had instructed. The Lord then revealed to Samuel a message of judgment against Eli's household due to the sins of Eli's sons, Hophni and Phinehas, and Eli's failure to restrain them. The Lord declared, "I am about to do something in Israel that will cause the ears of everyone who hears it to tingle" (1 Samuel 3:11). This message was a confirmation of a previous prophecy against Eli's house (1 Samuel 2:27-36).

Samuel's Obedience

Despite his youth and the gravity of the message, Samuel faithfully delivered the Lord's words to Eli the next morning. Eli, recognizing the authority of the divine message, accepted the judgment with resignation, saying, "He is the LORD. Let Him do what is good in His eyes" (1 Samuel 3:18). Samuel's obedience and willingness to convey God's message, even when it was difficult, established him as a trustworthy prophet.

Significance

Samuel's call marks the beginning of his prophetic ministry and his role as a judge over Israel. The Lord was with Samuel as he grew, and "He let none of Samuel’s words fall to the ground" (1 Samuel 3:19), signifying the reliability and authority of Samuel's prophetic office. Samuel's ministry was instrumental in guiding Israel through a period of transition, including the anointing of the first two kings of Israel, Saul and David.

Theological Themes

The call of Samuel emphasizes several key theological themes:

1. Divine Initiative: God's call to Samuel illustrates His sovereign choice and initiative in raising up leaders for His purposes. Despite the spiritual decline in Israel, God intervenes to ensure His will is accomplished.

2. Revelation and Response: The narrative highlights the importance of recognizing and responding to God's voice. Samuel's willingness to listen and obey serves as a model for faithful service.

3. Judgment and Accountability: The message to Eli underscores the seriousness of sin and the necessity of accountability, even among those in spiritual leadership.

4. Prophetic Authority: Samuel's role as a prophet establishes the importance of the prophetic office in Israel, serving as a conduit for God's guidance and judgment.

Conclusion

The call of Samuel is a foundational event in the biblical narrative, demonstrating God's faithfulness to His people and His commitment to raising up leaders who will guide them according to His will. Samuel's life and ministry continue to serve as an example of faithful obedience and the transformative power of God's word.