Definition and Nature
God's knowledge, often referred to as divine omniscience, is the attribute by which God fully knows Himself and all things actual and possible in one simple and eternal act. This knowledge is perfect, complete, and without limitation, encompassing all events past, present, and future. It is an essential aspect of God's nature, reflecting His infinite wisdom and understanding.

Biblical Foundations
The Bible affirms God's omniscience in numerous passages. In Psalm 147:5, it is declared, "Great is our Lord and mighty in power; His understanding has no limit." This verse highlights the boundless nature of God's knowledge. Similarly, 1 John 3:20 states, "For God is greater than our hearts, and He knows all things," emphasizing that nothing is hidden from God's sight.

God's Knowledge of Creation
God's knowledge extends to all of creation. He is aware of every detail, from the vastness of the universe to the minutiae of individual lives. Matthew 10:29-30 illustrates this by saying, "Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? Yet not one of them will fall to the ground apart from the will of your Father. And even the very hairs of your head are all numbered." This passage underscores God's intimate awareness of His creation.

Foreknowledge and Predestination
God's foreknowledge is a significant aspect of His omniscience, particularly concerning His plans and purposes. Romans 8:29-30 speaks to this: "For those God foreknew, He also predestined to be conformed to the image of His Son, that He might be the firstborn among many brothers. And those He predestined, He also called; those He called, He also justified; those He justified, He also glorified." This indicates that God's knowledge includes His sovereign will and the unfolding of His redemptive plan.

Human Free Will and Divine Knowledge
The relationship between God's omniscience and human free will is a topic of theological discussion. While God knows all possible outcomes and choices, Scripture maintains that humans are responsible for their actions. Proverbs 16:9 states, "A man's heart plans his course, but the LORD determines his steps," suggesting that while humans make plans, God's knowledge and sovereignty guide the ultimate outcome.

God's Knowledge and Wisdom
God's knowledge is inherently linked to His wisdom. Romans 11:33 exclaims, "Oh, the depth of the riches of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable His judgments, and His paths beyond tracing out!" This verse celebrates the profound and incomprehensible nature of God's wisdom, which is perfectly informed by His omniscience.

Implications for Believers
For believers, God's knowledge is a source of comfort and assurance. Psalm 139:1-4 expresses this personal aspect: "O LORD, You have searched me and known me. You know when I sit and when I rise; You understand my thoughts from afar. You search out my path and my lying down; You are aware of all my ways. Even before a word is on my tongue, You know all about it, O LORD." This intimate knowledge assures believers of God's constant presence and care.

Conclusion
God's knowledge is a foundational attribute that underscores His sovereignty, wisdom, and intimate involvement with His creation. It assures believers of His perfect understanding and guidance in all aspects of life.