The death of Jesus Christ is a central event in Christian theology, marking the culmination of His earthly ministry and the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies concerning the Messiah. The crucifixion of Jesus is recorded in all four Gospels—Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John—and is a pivotal moment in the narrative of redemption.

Context and Events Leading to the Death

The events leading to the death of Jesus begin with His triumphal entry into Jerusalem, an event celebrated as Palm Sunday (Matthew 21:1-11; Mark 11:1-11; Luke 19:28-40; John 12:12-19). During the week that followed, Jesus engaged in teaching and confrontations with the religious leaders, who sought to arrest Him due to His growing influence and their perception of Him as a threat to their authority (Matthew 21:23-46; Mark 11:27-12:12; Luke 20:1-19).

The Last Supper, which Jesus shared with His disciples, is a significant precursor to His death. During this meal, Jesus instituted the Lord's Supper, symbolizing the new covenant in His blood (Matthew 26:26-29; Mark 14:22-25; Luke 22:14-20). Following the supper, Jesus went to the Garden of Gethsemane, where He prayed fervently, expressing His submission to the Father's will (Matthew 26:36-46; Mark 14:32-42; Luke 22:39-46).

Arrest and Trials

Jesus was betrayed by Judas Iscariot, one of His twelve disciples, and arrested by a contingent of soldiers and officials from the chief priests and Pharisees (Matthew 26:47-56; Mark 14:43-50; Luke 22:47-53; John 18:1-11). He was taken to the high priest's house, where He faced a series of trials. The Jewish leaders accused Him of blasphemy for claiming to be the Son of God (Matthew 26:57-68; Mark 14:53-65; Luke 22:66-71).

Jesus was then brought before Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor, as the Jewish authorities lacked the power to execute Him. Despite finding no fault in Jesus, Pilate succumbed to the pressure of the crowd, who demanded Jesus' crucifixion (Matthew 27:11-26; Mark 15:1-15; Luke 23:1-25; John 18:28-19:16).

The Crucifixion

Jesus was scourged and mocked by Roman soldiers before being led to Golgotha, the place of the skull, for crucifixion (Matthew 27:27-31; Mark 15:16-20; John 19:1-3). He was crucified between two criminals, fulfilling the prophecy of being "numbered with the transgressors" (Isaiah 53:12; Mark 15:27-28).

During the crucifixion, Jesus spoke several significant statements, including a plea for forgiveness for His executioners, "Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing" (Luke 23:34), and His declaration, "It is finished" (John 19:30), signifying the completion of His redemptive work.

Darkness fell over the land from the sixth to the ninth hour, and at the moment of Jesus' death, the temple veil was torn in two, symbolizing the new access to God made possible through His sacrifice (Matthew 27:45-51; Mark 15:33-38; Luke 23:44-46).

Burial

Following His death, Jesus' body was taken down from the cross and placed in a tomb owned by Joseph of Arimathea, a wealthy disciple who had requested His body from Pilate (Matthew 27:57-60; Mark 15:42-46; Luke 23:50-53; John 19:38-42). The tomb was sealed and guarded by Roman soldiers to prevent any tampering, as the chief priests and Pharisees remembered Jesus' prophecy of rising on the third day (Matthew 27:62-66).

The death of Jesus Christ is not only a historical event but also a theological cornerstone, representing the atonement for sin and the ultimate expression of God's love for humanity.Genesis 3:15
And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her seed; it shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel.
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Psalm 22:1,13,16,18
My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? why are you so far from helping me, and from the words of my roaring?
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Psalm 34:20
He keeps all his bones: not one of them is broken.
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Psalm 69:21,26
They gave me also gall for my meat; and in my thirst they gave me vinegar to drink.
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Psalm 109:25
I became also a reproach to them: when they looked on me they shook their heads.
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Isaiah 52:14
As many were astonished at you; his visage was so marred more than any man, and his form more than the sons of men:
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Isaiah 53:7-12
He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so he opens not his mouth.
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Daniel 9:26
And after three score and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and to the end of the war desolations are determined.
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Zechariah 12:9,10
And it shall come to pass in that day, that I will seek to destroy all the nations that come against Jerusalem.
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Zechariah 13:6,7
And one shall say to him, What are these wounds in your hands? Then he shall answer, Those with which I was wounded in the house of my friends.
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Matthew 12:40
For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.
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Matthew 16:4,21
A wicked and adulterous generation seeks after a sign; and there shall no sign be given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas. And he left them, and departed.
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Matthew 17:12,13,22,23
But I say to you, That Elias is come already, and they knew him not, but have done to him whatever they listed. Likewise shall also the Son of man suffer of them.
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Matthew 20:17-19
And Jesus going up to Jerusalem took the twelve disciples apart in the way, and said to them,
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Matthew 21:33-39
Hear another parable: There was a certain householder, which planted a vineyard, and hedged it round about, and dig a wine press in it, and built a tower, and let it out to farmers, and went into a far country:
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Matthew 26:2,12,18,21
You know that after two days is the feast of the passover, and the Son of man is betrayed to be crucified.
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Matthew 27:34,39,46
They gave him vinegar to drink mingled with gall: and when he had tasted thereof, he would not drink.
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Mark 8:31
And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected of the elders, and of the chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.
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Mark 9:31
For he taught his disciples, and said to them, The Son of man is delivered into the hands of men, and they shall kill him; and after that he is killed, he shall rise the third day.
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Mark 10:32-34
And they were in the way going up to Jerusalem; and Jesus went before them: and they were amazed; and as they followed, they were afraid. And he took again the twelve, and began to tell them what things should happen to him,
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Mark 14:9,18
Truly I say to you, Wherever this gospel shall be preached throughout the whole world, this also that she has done shall be spoken of for a memorial of her.
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Mark 15:23,28
And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it not.
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Luke 2:34,35
And Simeon blessed them, and said to Mary his mother, Behold, this child is set for the fall and rising again of many in Israel; and for a sign which shall be spoken against;
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Luke 9:22,44
Saying, The Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be slain, and be raised the third day.
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Luke 12:50
But I have a baptism to be baptized with; and how am I straitened till it be accomplished!
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Luke 17:25
But first must he suffer many things, and be rejected of this generation.
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Luke 18:31-33
Then he took to him the twelve, and said to them, Behold, we go up to Jerusalem, and all things that are written by the prophets concerning the Son of man shall be accomplished.
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Luke 22:15,21,37
And he said to them, With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer:
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Luke 23:34
Then said Jesus, Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do. And they parted his raiment, and cast lots.
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John 10:11,17,18
I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd gives his life for the sheep.
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John 12:7,32-34
Then said Jesus, Let her alone: against the day of my burying has she kept this.
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John 13:18,19,21
I speak not of you all: I know whom I have chosen: but that the scripture may be fulfilled, He that eats bread with me has lifted up his heel against me.
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John 14:19
Yet a little while, and the world sees me no more; but you see me: because I live, you shall live also.
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John 15:13
Greater love has no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends.
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John 16:20
Truly, truly, I say to you, That you shall weep and lament, but the world shall rejoice: and you shall be sorrowful, but your sorrow shall be turned into joy.
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John 18:11
Then said Jesus to Peter, Put up your sword into the sheath: the cup which my Father has given me, shall I not drink it?
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John 19:23,24,28-30,34,36
Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments, and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also his coat: now the coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout.
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Acts 26:22,23
Having therefore obtained help of God, I continue to this day, witnessing both to small and great, saying none other things than those which the prophets and Moses did say should come:
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1 Corinthians 1:17,18,23,24
For Christ sent me not to baptize, but to preach the gospel: not with wisdom of words, lest the cross of Christ should be made of none effect.
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1 Corinthians 2:2
For I determined not to know any thing among you, save Jesus Christ, and him crucified.
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1 Corinthians 15:3,4
For I delivered to you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures;
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2 Corinthians 4:10,11
Always bearing about in the body the dying of the Lord Jesus, that the life also of Jesus might be made manifest in our body.
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1 Thessalonians 4:14
For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so them also which sleep in Jesus will God bring with him.
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Revelation 5:12
Saying with a loud voice, Worthy is the Lamb that was slain to receive power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength, and honor, and glory, and blessing.
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Revelation 13:8
And all that dwell on the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.
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The Trial and Death of Jesus Christ
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//christianbookshelf.org/stalker/the trial and death of jesus christ/

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The Life of Jesus Christ in Its Historical Connexion
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The Trial and Death of Jesus Christ
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Death and Life in Christ
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