Lexical Summary krisis: Judgment, decision, condemnation, justice Original Word: κρίσις Strong's Exhaustive Concordance condemnation, damnation, judgment. Decision (subjectively or objectively, for or against); by extension, a tribunal; by implication, justice (especially, divine law) -- accusation, condemnation, damnation, judgment. HELPS Word-studies Cognate: 2920 krísis (a feminine noun derived from 2919 /krínō, "to separate, distinguish, judge") – judgment, emphasizing its qualitative aspect that can apply either to a positive verdict (for righteousness) – or more commonly, a "negative" verdict which condemns the nature of sin that brings it on. See 2919 (krinō). [2917 (kríma) stresses the results that go with a particular judgment (of blessing or pain depending on the choice).] NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom krinó Definition a decision, judgment NASB Translation court (2), judgment (38), judgments (2), justice (4), sentence (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 2920: κρίσιςκρίσις, κρίσεως, ἡ, the Sept. for דִּין, רִיב (a suit), but chiefly for מִשְׁפָּט; in Greek writings ((from Aeschylus and Herodotus down)) 1. a separating, sundering, separation; a trial, contest. 2. selection. 3. judgment; i. e. opinion or decision given concerning anything, especially concerning justice and injustice, right and wrong; a. universally: John 8:16; 1 Timothy 5:24 (on which see ἐπακολουθέω); Jude 1:9; 2 Peter 2:11; κρίσιν κρίνειν (see κρίνω, 5 b.), John 7:24. b. in a forensic judgment sense, of the of God or of Jesus the Messiah: universally, James 2:13; 2 Thessalonians 1:5; Hebrews 10:27; plur, Revelation 16:7; Revelation 19:2; of the last judgment: Hebrews 9:27; ἡ ἡμέρα κρίσεως (Matthew 10:15; Matthew 11:22, 24; Matthew 12:36; Mark 6:11 R L in brackets; 2 Peter 2:9; 2 Peter 3:7) or τῆς κρίσεως (1 John 4:17), the day appointed for the judgment, see ἡμέρα, 3; εἰς κρίσιν μεγάλης ἡμέρας, Jude 1:6; ἡ ὥρα τῆς κρίσεως αὐτοῦ, i. e. τοῦ Θεοῦ, Revelation 14:7; ἐν τῇ κρίσει, at the time of the judgment, when the judgment shall take place, Matthew 12:41; Luke 10:14; Luke 11:31f; κρίσιν ποιεῖν κατά πάντων, to execute judgment against (i. e. to the destruction of) all, Jude 1:15. Specifically, sentence of condemnation, damnatory judgment, condemnation and punishment: Hebrews 10:27; 2 Peter 2:4; with the genitive of the person condemned and punished, Revelation 18:10; ἡ κρίσις αὐτοῦ ἤρθη, the punishment appointed him was taken away, i. e. was ended, Acts 8:33 from Isaiah 53:8, the Sept.; πίπτειν εἰς κρίσιν (Rst εἰς ὑπόκρισιν), to become liable to condemnation, James 5:12; αἰώνιος κρίσις, eternal damnation, Mark 3:29 (Rec.); ἡ κρίσις τῆς γηννης, the judgment condemning one to Gehenna, the penalty of Gehenna, i. e. to be suffered in hell, Matthew 23:33. In John's usage κρίσις denotes α. that judgment which Christ occasioned, in that wicked men rejected the salvation he offered, and so of their own accord brought upon themselves misery and punishment: αὕτη ἐστιν ἡ κρίσις, ὅτι etc. judgment takes place by the entrance of the light into the world and the batted which men have for this light, John 3:19; κρίσιν, to execute judgment, John 5:27; ἔρχεσθαι εἰς κρίσιν, to come into the state of one condemned, John 5:24; κρίσις τοῦ κόσμου τούτου, the condemnatory sentence passed upon this world, in that it is convicted of wickedness and its power broken, John 12:31; περί κρίσεως, of judgment passed (see κρίνω, 5 a. β. at the end), John 16:8, 11. β. the last judgment, the damnation of the wicked: ἀνάστασις κρίσεως, followed by condemnation, 4. Like the Chaldean דִּינָא (Daniel 7:10, 26; cf. German Gericht) equivalent to the college of judges (a tribunal of seven men in the several cities of Palestine; as distinguished from the Sanhedrin, which had its seat at Jerusalem (cf. Schürer, Neutest. Zeitgesch. § 23, ii.; Edersheim, Jesus the Messiah, ii. 287)): Matthew 5:21f (cf. Deuteronomy 16:18; 2 Chronicles 19:6; Josephus, Antiquities 4, 8, 14; b. j. 2, 20, 5). 5. Like the Hebrew מִשְׁפָּט (cf. Gesenius, Thesaurus, iii., p. 1464b (also the Sept. in Genesis 18:19, 25; Isaiah 5:7; Isaiah 56:1; Isaiah 59:8; Jeremiah 17:11; 1 Macc. 7:18; and other passages referred to in Gesenius, the passage cited)), right, justice: Matthew 23:23; Luke 11:42; what shall have the force of right, ἀπαγγέλλειν τίνι, Matthew 12:18; a just cause, Matthew 12:20 (on which see ἐκβάλλω, 1 g.). Scripture consistently presents κρίσις as the holy evaluation of all things by the living God. “Yes, Lord God Almighty, true and just are Your judgments” (Revelation 16:7). His verdicts spring from perfect righteousness (2 Thessalonians 1:5) and are therefore both inescapable and trustworthy. Judgment in the Teaching of Jesus • Warning to the unrepentant – “It will be more bearable for Sodom and Gomorrah on the day of judgment than for that town” (Matthew 10:15; cf. 11:22, 24). Judgment and Salvation in the Gospel of John John’s Gospel places κρίσις at the intersection of condemnation and salvation: Judgment in Apostolic Instruction • Certain appointment – “People are appointed to die once, and after that to face judgment” (Hebrews 9:27). The Day of Judgment in Eschatology Future κρίσις will be universal and public: heavens and earth are “reserved for fire, kept for the day of judgment and destruction of ungodly men” (2 Peter 3:7). Revelation portrays that climactic scene—“Fallen, fallen is Babylon… for in one hour your judgment has come” (Revelation 18:10), culminating in Christ’s triumphant vindication: “His judgments are true and just” (Revelation 19:2). Judgment, Mercy, and Righteousness Biblically, κρίσις is never arbitrary. Divine judgment integrates justice and mercy, offering repentance before final sentencing (Luke 11:32). Human courts must mirror this balance: “Do not judge by appearances, but judge with righteous judgment” (John 7:24). Historical and Early Church Reflection Early Christian preaching (Acts 8:33) echoed Isaiah’s portrait of the Suffering Servant robbed of justice, presenting Christ as both the judged and the Judge. Patristic writers cited Hebrews 9:27 to press urgency upon hearers, while emphasizing the believer’s confidence through union with Christ (1 John 4:17). Pastoral and Ministry Application • Evangelism: Proclaim both the certainty of judgment and the sure escape in Christ (John 5:24). Summary Κρίσις threads through Scripture as God’s equitable reckoning, climactically entrusted to the risen Son. It confronts sin, vindicates righteousness, and magnifies grace. For the church, the doctrine shapes proclamation, holiness, and hope as believers await the righteous Judge whose verdict for those in Him is life eternal. Englishman's Concordance Matthew 5:21 N-DFSGRK: ἔσται τῇ κρίσει NAS: shall be liable to the court.' KJV: shall be in danger of the judgment: INT: will be to the judgment Matthew 5:22 N-DFS Matthew 10:15 N-GFS Matthew 11:22 N-GFS Matthew 11:24 N-GFS Matthew 12:18 N-AFS Matthew 12:20 N-AFS Matthew 12:36 N-GFS Matthew 12:41 N-DFS Matthew 12:42 N-DFS Matthew 23:23 N-AFS Matthew 23:33 N-GFS Mark 6:11 Noun-GFS Luke 10:14 N-DFS Luke 11:31 N-DFS Luke 11:32 N-DFS Luke 11:42 N-AFS John 3:19 N-NFS John 5:22 N-AFS John 5:24 N-AFS John 5:27 N-AFS John 5:29 N-GFS John 5:30 N-NFS John 7:24 N-AFS John 8:16 N-NFS Strong's Greek 2920 |
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