3631. oinos
Lexical Summary
oinos: Wine

Original Word: οἶνος
Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
Transliteration: oinos
Pronunciation: oy'-nos
Phonetic Spelling: (oy'-nos)
KJV: wine
NASB: wine
Word Origin: [a primary word (or perhaps of Hebrew origin (H3196 (יַיִן - wine)))]

1. wine
{literally or figuratively}

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance
wine.

A primary word (or perhaps of Hebrew origin (yayin)); "wine" (literally or figuratively) -- wine.

see HEBREW yayin

HELPS Word-studies

3631 oínoswine made from grapes.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance
Word Origin
a prim. word
Definition
wine
NASB Translation
wine (33), wine* (1).

Thayer's Greek Lexicon
STRONGS NT 3631: οἶνος

οἶνος, οἴνου, (from Homer down), the Sept. for יַיִן, also for תִּירושׁ (must, new wine), חֶמֶר, etc.; wine;

a. properly: Matthew 9:17; (xxvii. 34 L text T Tr WH); Mark 15:23; Luke 1:15; John 2:3; Romans 14:21; Ephesians 5:18; 1 Timothy 5:23; Revelation 17:2, etc.; οἴνῳ προσέχειν, 1 Timothy 3:8; δουλεύειν, Titus 2:3.

b. metaphorically: οἶνος τοῦ θυμοῦ (see θυμός, 2), fiery wine, which God in his wrath is represented as mixing and giving to those whom he is about to punish by their own folly and madness, Revelation 14:10; Revelation 16:19; Revelation 19:15; with τῆς πορνείας added (cf. Winers Grammar, § 30, 3 N. 1; B. 155 (136)), a love-potion as it were, wine exciting to fornication, which he is said to give who entices others to idolatry, Revelation 14:8; Revelation 18:3 (here L omits; Tr WH brackets οἴνου), and he is said to be drunk with who suffers himself to be enticed, Revelation 17:2.

c. by metonymy, equivalent to a vine: Revelation 6:6.

Topical Lexicon
Viticulture and First-Century Context

The vineyards of Judea and the wider Mediterranean enjoyed long, sun-filled growing seasons, yielding grapes that were pressed, fermented, and stored in clay jars or skins. Wine was a staple at meals, a required element in Temple offerings, and a principal trade commodity (Revelation 18:13). Daily tables commonly saw a light, diluted beverage, while uncut wine was reserved for feasts and religious ceremonies.

Wine as Covenant Blessing

Scripture consistently places wine among the tangible gifts of God for His people’s joy and sustenance (cf. Psalm 104:15). When Jesus turned water into wine at Cana (John 2:3-10), He signaled messianic abundance: “You have saved the fine wine until now!” (John 2:10). The miracle inaugurated a ministry that would culminate in the promised wedding supper of the Lamb, where every provision is perfect and overflowing.

Social and Familial Celebrations

Weddings (John 2), Sabbaths, and harvest festivals routinely featured wine. In the parable of new wine in new wineskins (Matthew 9:17; Mark 2:22; Luke 5:37-38), Jesus used the familiar process of fermentation to illustrate the incompatibility of His new covenant with rigid traditionalism. The daily culture of viticulture thus became a living classroom for kingdom truths.

Medicinal and Practical Uses

Wine’s antiseptic properties were employed compassionately: the Good Samaritan “bandaged his wounds, pouring on oil and wine” (Luke 10:34). Paul counseled Timothy, “Use a little wine because of your stomach and your frequent illnesses” (1 Timothy 5:23). Such passages affirm legitimate therapeutic value while discouraging excess.

Ethical Boundaries and Warnings

Scripture never glamorizes intoxication. “Do not get drunk on wine, which leads to reckless indiscretion” (Ephesians 5:18). Spiritual leaders must not be “given to much wine” (1 Timothy 3:8; Titus 2:3). Christian liberty is circumscribed by love: “It is better not to eat meat or drink wine or to do anything to cause your brother to stumble” (Romans 14:21).

Pastoral Guidelines for Moderation

Elders, deacons, and older women receive explicit instruction because their example powerfully shapes congregational life. Temperance protects credibility, fosters self-control, and keeps the church’s witness clear before a watching world.

Wine in the Passion Narrative

At Golgotha soldiers offered Jesus “wine mixed with myrrh, but He did not take it” (Mark 15:23). The refusal highlights His resolve to drain instead the appointed cup of suffering. Conversely, the Last Supper cup—though “wine” is not named explicitly—became the memorial emblem of the new covenant in His blood, building on centuries of Passover practice.

Apocalyptic Symbolism: Cup of Wrath

Revelation sharpens the metaphor. The world system “has made all the nations drink the wine of the passion of her immorality” (Revelation 14:8). Those who follow the beast “will drink the wine of God’s anger, poured undiluted into the cup of His wrath” (Revelation 14:10). The Messiah alone “treads the winepress of the fury of the wrath of God” (Revelation 19:15). Thus wine can signify either covenant joy or irrevocable judgment, depending on one’s relationship to Christ.

Implications for Christian Liberty

Scripture presents wine as a good creation gift that can be abused. The believer’s mandate is sobriety, love, and Spirit-filled joy. Where cultural or personal histories complicate its use, voluntary abstinence honors both conscience and community.

Eschatological Fulfillment

Prophets foresaw a banquet of “well-aged wine” (Isaiah 25:6, cf. Cana). The final panorama of Revelation confirms that every legitimate delight finds completion in Christ’s kingdom. Until then, the church lives between cups—the remembered cup of redemption and the anticipated cup of consummation—bearing witness through temperate, grateful use of God’s provision.

Forms and Transliterations
οίνοις οινον οίνον οίνόν οἶνον οινος οίνος οἶνος οινου οίνου οἴνου όινου οινοφλυγεί οινοφλυγήσωμεν οινω οίνω οἴνῳ οίνων oino oinō oínoi oínōi oinon oînon oinos oînos oinou oínou
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Interlinear GreekInterlinear HebrewStrong's NumbersEnglishman's Greek ConcordanceEnglishman's Hebrew ConcordanceParallel Texts
Englishman's Concordance
Matthew 9:17 N-AMS
GRK: οὐδὲ βάλλουσιν οἶνον νέον εἰς
NAS: new wine into old
KJV: do men put new wine into old
INT: Nor put they wine new into

Matthew 9:17 N-NMS
GRK: καὶ ὁ οἶνος ἐκχεῖται καὶ
NAS: burst, and the wine pours
KJV: break, and the wine runneth out, and
INT: and the wine is poured out and

Matthew 9:17 N-AMS
GRK: ἀλλὰ βάλλουσιν οἶνον νέον εἰς
NAS: new wine into fresh
KJV: they put new wine into new
INT: but they put wine new into

Matthew 27:34 N-AMS
GRK: αὐτῷ πιεῖν οἶνον μετὰ χολῆς
NAS: they gave Him wine to drink mixed
INT: him to drink wine with gall

Mark 2:22 N-AMS
GRK: οὐδεὶς βάλλει οἶνον νέον εἰς
NAS: puts new wine into old wineskins;
KJV: putteth new wine into old
INT: no one puts wine new into

Mark 2:22 N-NMS
GRK: ῥήξει ὁ οἶνος τοὺς ἀσκούς
NAS: otherwise the wine will burst
KJV: the new wine doth burst
INT: bursts the wine the wineskins

Mark 2:22 N-NMS
GRK: καὶ ὁ οἶνος ἀπόλλυται καὶ
NAS: the skins, and the wine is lost
KJV: and the wine is spilled,
INT: and the wine will be destroyed and

Mark 2:22 N-AMS
GRK: ἀσκοί ἀλλὰ οἶνον νέον εἰς
NAS: [as well]; but [one puts] new wine into fresh
KJV: but new wine must be put into
INT: wineskins but wine new into

Mark 15:23 N-AMS
GRK: αὐτῷ ἐσμυρνισμένον οἶνον ὃς δὲ
NAS: They tried to give Him wine mixed with myrrh;
KJV: to drink wine mingled with myrrh:
INT: him mixed with gall wine he moreover

Luke 1:15 N-AMS
GRK: Κυρίου καὶ οἶνον καὶ σίκερα
NAS: and he will drink no wine or liquor,
KJV: neither wine nor
INT: Lord and wine and strong drink

Luke 5:37 N-AMS
GRK: οὐδεὶς βάλλει οἶνον νέον εἰς
NAS: puts new wine into old wineskins;
KJV: putteth new wine into old
INT: no one puts wine new into

Luke 5:37 N-NMS
GRK: ῥήξει ὁ οἶνος ὁ νέος
NAS: the new wine will burst
KJV: the new wine will burst
INT: will burst the wine new

Luke 5:38 N-AMS
GRK: ἀλλὰ οἶνον νέον εἰς
NAS: But new wine must be put into fresh
KJV: But new wine must be put into
INT: but wine new into

Luke 7:33 N-AMS
GRK: μήτε πίνων οἶνον καὶ λέγετε
NAS: no wine, and you say,
KJV: nor drinking wine; and ye say,
INT: nor drinking wine and you say

Luke 10:34 N-AMS
GRK: ἔλαιον καὶ οἶνον ἐπιβιβάσας δὲ
NAS: oil and wine on [them]; and he put
KJV: oil and wine, and set
INT: oil and wine having put moreover

John 2:3 N-GMS
GRK: καὶ ὑστερήσαντος οἴνου λέγει ἡ
NAS: When the wine ran out, the mother
KJV: when they wanted wine, the mother
INT: And having been deficient of wine says the

John 2:3 N-AMS
GRK: πρὸς αὐτόν Οἶνον οὐκ ἔχουσιν
NAS: to Him, They have no wine.
KJV: They have no wine.
INT: to him Wine not they have

John 2:9 N-AMS
GRK: τὸ ὕδωρ οἶνον γεγενημένον καὶ
NAS: which had become wine, and did not know
KJV: the water that was made wine, and knew
INT: the water wine that had become and

John 2:10 N-AMS
GRK: τὸν καλὸν οἶνον τίθησιν καὶ
NAS: serves the good wine first, and when
KJV: doth set forth good wine; and when
INT: the good wine sets on and

John 2:10 N-AMS
GRK: τὸν καλὸν οἶνον ἕως ἄρτι
NAS: the good wine until
KJV: hast kept the good wine until now.
INT: the good wine until now

John 4:46 N-AMS
GRK: τὸ ὕδωρ οἶνον Καὶ ἦν
NAS: the water wine. And there was a royal official
KJV: he made the water wine. And there was
INT: the water wine And there was

Romans 14:21 N-AMS
GRK: μηδὲ πιεῖν οἶνον μηδὲ ἐν
NAS: to drink wine, or
KJV: to drink wine, nor
INT: nor drink wine nor in

Ephesians 5:18 N-DMS
GRK: μὴ μεθύσκεσθε οἴνῳ ἐν ᾧ
NAS: And do not get drunk with wine, for that is dissipation,
KJV: not drunk with wine, wherein is
INT: not be drunk with wine in which

1 Timothy 3:8 N-DMS
GRK: διλόγους μὴ οἴνῳ πολλῷ προσέχοντας
NAS: to much wine or
KJV: to much wine, not
INT: double-tongued not to wine much given

1 Timothy 5:23 N-DMS
GRK: ὑδροπότει ἀλλὰ οἴνῳ ὀλίγῳ χρῶ
NAS: a little wine for the sake
KJV: use a little wine for thy
INT: drink water but wine a little use

Strong's Greek 3631
34 Occurrences


οἴνῳ — 4 Occ.
οἶνον — 19 Occ.
οἶνος — 4 Occ.
οἴνου — 7 Occ.

3630
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