Lexical Summary phóneó: To call, to cry out, to speak Original Word: φωνέω Strong's Exhaustive Concordance call for, crow, cry. From phone; to emit a sound (animal, human or instrumental); by implication, to address in words or by name, also in imitation -- call (for), crow, cry. see GREEK phone NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom phóné Definition to call out NASB Translation call (4), called (13), calling (6), calls (1), cried (3), crow (2), crowed (5), crows (5), crying (1), invite (1), summoned (2). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 5455: φωνέωφωνέω, φώνω; imperfect 3 person singular ἐφώνει; future φωνήσω; 1 aorist ἐφώνησα; 1 aorist infinitive passive, φωνηθῆναι; (φωνή); 1. as from Homer down, intransitive, to sound, emit a sound, to speak: of a cock, to crow, Matthew 26:34, 74; Mark 14:30, 68 (L brackets; WH omits the clause (see the latter's Appendix at the passage)), 72; Luke 22:34, 60; John 13:38; John 18:27 (of the cries of other animals, Isaiah 38:14; Jeremiah 17:11; Zephaniah 2:14; rarely so in secular authors as (Aristotle (see Liddell and Scott, under I. 2)), Aesop fab. 36 (225 edition Halm)); of men, to cry, cry out, cry aloud, speak with a loud voice: followed by the words uttered, Luke 8:8; with φωνή μεγάλη added ((cf. Winer's Grammar, § 32, 2 at the end), Mark 1:26 T Tr WH); Acts 16:28; ἐφώνησε λέγων, Luke 8:54; φωνήσας εἶπεν, Luke 16:24; φωνήσας φωνή μεγάλη ... εἶπεν, Luke 23:46; ἐφώνησεν ἐν κραυγή (L T Tr WH φωνή) μεγάλη ... λέγων, Revelation 14:18; (φωνήσαντες ἐπυνθάνοντο (WH text ἐπυθοντο), Acts 10:18). 2. as from (Homer, Odyssey 24, 535) Sophocles down, transitive, a. to call, call to oneself: τινα — either by one's own voice, Matthew 20:32; Matthew 27:47; Mark 9:35; Mark 10:49 (cf. Buttmann, § 141, 5 at the end); b. to invite: Luke 14:12. c. equivalent to to address, accost, call by a name: τινα, followed by a nominative of the title (see Winers Grammar, § 29, 1; (Buttmann, § 131, 8)), John 13:13. (Compare: ἀναφωνέω, ἐπιφωνέω, προσφωνέω, συμφωνέω.) Strong’s Greek 5455 portrays the purposeful use of the voice—whether summoning, exhorting, pleading, or proclaiming. It occurs forty-three times across the New Testament, spanning the earthly ministry of Jesus Christ, the life of the early church, and a single eschatological scene. The verb’s settings cluster around five broad spheres: personal encounters with Jesus, miraculous works, parabolic instruction, apostolic ministry, and final judgment. Personal Encounters with Jesus 1. Summoning the needy: “Jesus stopped and said, ‘Call him.’ So they called the blind man” (Mark 10:49). The command sets in motion Bartimaeus’s healing and illustrates that Christ’s compassion often begins with an audible summons. Miraculous Works and Resurrection Power 1. Jairus’s daughter: “But He took her by the hand and called, ‘Child, get up!’” (Luke 8:54). The mere utterance of Christ reverses death. Warning, Denial, and Fulfillment of Prophecy The cock’s crow is rendered with phoneō in every Synoptic account (Matthew 26:74-75; Mark 14:68-72; Luke 22:60-61). Each “calling” of the rooster punctuates Peter’s denial and verifies Christ’s foreknowledge. In John 18:27 the same verb seals the fulfillment: “and at once a rooster crowed.” The repeated usage turns an ordinary farmyard sound into a prophetic alarm, reminding disciples to watch and pray. Parabolic Instruction and Moral Accountability 1. Stewardship: “He called the servants to whom he had given the money” (Luke 19:15). In every instance, phoneō introduces a reckoning—either gracious reward or irreversible loss. Passion and Crucifixion 1. Gethsemane betrayal: Servants at the high priest’s courtyard “called” Peter’s Galilean accent into question (Mark 14:70, implied by context). Apostolic and Early Church Usage 1. Apostolic rescue: “But Paul called out in a loud voice, ‘Do not harm yourself, for we are all here!’” (Acts 16:28). The gospel interrupts a jailer’s suicide and opens a household for baptism. Eschatological Proclamation “Then another angel… called in a loud voice to the one who had authority over the fire, ‘Thrust in your sharp sickle and gather the clusters…’” (Revelation 14:18). The final occurrence shifts the verb from human to angelic speakers, portraying a cosmic summons that unleashes judgment. Theological Themes 1. Divine initiative: Whether Jesus addresses individuals, creation, or God the Father, His voice inaugurates life, healing, and destiny. Ministry Significance Preaching and evangelism echo the pattern of phoneō: believers speak aloud so others may hear and live (Romans 10:14). Pastoral care, like Jesus’ call to Mary, often begins with a personal name. Corporate worship anticipates the angelic phoneē of Revelation by sounding forth praise and warning. Responding to the biblical call is not optional; “Today, if you hear His voice, do not harden your hearts” (Hebrews 3:15, verbal echo). Strong’s 5455 therefore challenges every reader to discern, heed, and relay the living voice of God. Englishman's Concordance Matthew 20:32 V-AIA-3SGRK: ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐφώνησεν αὐτοὺς καὶ NAS: stopped and called them, and said, KJV: stood still, and called them, INT: Jesus called them and Matthew 26:34 V-ANA Matthew 26:74 V-AIA-3S Matthew 26:75 V-ANA Matthew 27:47 V-PIA-3S Mark 1:26 V-APA-NNS Mark 9:35 V-AIA-3S Mark 10:49 V-AMA-2P Mark 10:49 V-PIA-3P Mark 10:49 V-PIA-3S Mark 14:30 V-ANA Mark 14:68 V-AIA-3S Mark 14:72 V-AIA-3S Mark 14:72 V-ANA Mark 15:35 V-PIA-3S Luke 8:8 V-IIA-3S Luke 8:54 V-AIA-3S Luke 14:12 V-PMA-2S Luke 16:2 V-APA-NMS Luke 16:24 V-APA-NMS Luke 19:15 V-ANP Luke 22:34 V-FIA-3S Luke 22:60 V-AIA-3S Luke 22:61 V-ANA Luke 23:46 V-APA-NMS Strong's Greek 5455 |
    |