Now as Jesus was passing by
This phrase sets the scene for the miracle that is about to occur. Jesus is often depicted in the Gospels as moving from place to place, teaching and performing miracles. This itinerant ministry is significant as it fulfills the prophecy of Isaiah 61:1, where the Messiah is described as one who brings good news to the poor and freedom to the captives. The phrase also highlights Jesus' awareness and compassion, as He notices those in need even while on the move.

He saw a man
The act of seeing here is intentional and compassionate. In the cultural context of the time, many would overlook or ignore those with disabilities, often associating them with sin or divine punishment. Jesus' attention to the man signifies His mission to seek and save the lost, as stated in Luke 19:10. This moment also prefigures the spiritual insight that Jesus offers, contrasting with the physical blindness of the man.

blind from birth
This detail emphasizes the severity of the man's condition, as congenital blindness was considered incurable. In the Jewish understanding, such a condition might be seen as a result of sin, either of the individual or their parents, as suggested by the disciples' question in John 9:2. The healing that follows serves as a powerful sign of Jesus' divine authority and His role as the Light of the World (John 8:12), bringing both physical and spiritual sight. This miracle also connects to the prophecy in Isaiah 35:5, which speaks of the eyes of the blind being opened in the Messianic age.

and His disciples asked Him
The disciples often sought Jesus' wisdom on spiritual and theological matters, reflecting their role as learners. This question indicates their curiosity and desire to understand the relationship between sin and suffering, a common theme in Jewish thought. The disciples' inquiry also shows their trust in Jesus as a teacher who could provide insight into complex issues.

“Rabbi, who sinned
The title "Rabbi" signifies respect and acknowledges Jesus as a teacher. The question reflects a prevalent belief in Jewish culture that suffering, such as illness or disability, was a direct result of personal sin or the sin of one's ancestors. This belief is rooted in passages like Exodus 20:5, which speaks of the sins of the fathers being visited upon the children. The disciples' question reveals their struggle with understanding the nature of sin and its consequences.

this man or his parents
The mention of the man or his parents highlights the two primary explanations for suffering in Jewish thought: personal sin or ancestral sin. The idea that a person could sin before birth, possibly in the womb, was a topic of debate among Jewish scholars. Alternatively, the concept of generational sin, where the sins of the parents affect their children, was a common interpretation of certain Old Testament passages.

that he was born blind?”
The condition of being born blind presents a theological dilemma for the disciples, as it challenges the notion of personal sin being the cause of suffering. This question sets the stage for Jesus to address and correct misunderstandings about the relationship between sin and suffering. The healing of the blind man later in the chapter serves as a demonstration of Jesus' power and authority, fulfilling prophecies such as Isaiah 35:5, which speaks of the eyes of the blind being opened.

Jesus answered
In this passage, Jesus responds to a question from His disciples regarding the cause of a man's blindness. This reflects Jesus' role as a teacher and His authority to provide divine insight. His response challenges common Jewish beliefs of the time, which often linked physical ailments to personal or ancestral sin.

Neither this man nor his parents sinned
This statement refutes the prevailing Jewish notion that suffering and physical disabilities were direct results of sin. In the cultural context, it was a common belief that ailments were a punishment for sin, as seen in Job's story and the teachings of the Pharisees. Jesus emphasizes that not all suffering is a consequence of sin, aligning with the broader biblical theme that God's ways and purposes are beyond human understanding.

but this happened
The phrase indicates a divine purpose behind the man's condition. It suggests that God can use circumstances, even those that seem negative, for a greater purpose. This aligns with the biblical theme of God's sovereignty and His ability to bring good out of difficult situations, as seen in Joseph's story in Genesis 50:20.

so that the works of God
The "works of God" refer to the miraculous signs and wonders that Jesus performed, which served to reveal His divine nature and authority. This phrase highlights the purpose of miracles in Jesus' ministry: to authenticate His message and mission. It also points to the broader theme of God's glory being revealed through His works, as seen throughout the Old and New Testaments.

would be displayed in him
The healing of the blind man serves as a demonstration of God's power and compassion. It is a tangible manifestation of Jesus' claim to be the Light of the World, as He brings both physical and spiritual sight. This act prefigures the ultimate work of God in Christ—salvation and the restoration of humanity. The miracle also serves as a type of spiritual enlightenment, where physical healing symbolizes the opening of spiritual eyes to the truth of the Gospel.

While it is daytime
This phrase emphasizes the urgency and limited time available for Jesus' earthly ministry. In biblical symbolism, "daytime" often represents a period of opportunity and divine presence. Jesus, the Light of the World, is present, and His works must be accomplished while He is with His disciples. The concept of "day" as a time for work is rooted in Jewish culture, where daylight hours were traditionally used for labor.

we must do the works of Him who sent Me
The use of "we" indicates a collective responsibility shared by Jesus and His followers. The "works" refer to the divine mission and miracles that testify to Jesus' identity and authority. The phrase "Him who sent Me" underscores Jesus' divine commission from the Father, aligning with passages like John 5:36, where Jesus speaks of the works given to Him by the Father as a testimony to His divine mission. This highlights the unity and purpose between Jesus and God the Father.

Night is coming
"Night" symbolizes a time when Jesus will no longer be physically present to perform His works, pointing to His impending crucifixion and death. In a broader sense, it can also refer to spiritual darkness and the absence of opportunity to witness and work for the Kingdom. This imagery is consistent with other biblical references to night as a time of danger or absence of God's presence, such as in John 11:10.

when no one can work
This phrase indicates a period when the opportunity to perform the works of God will be hindered or impossible. It serves as a warning to the disciples and believers to seize the moment and fulfill their mission while they have the chance. The urgency is echoed in other scriptures, such as Ephesians 5:16, which encourages believers to make the most of every opportunity because the days are evil. This reflects the transient nature of life and the importance of acting in accordance with God's will while it is possible.

While I am in the world
This phrase indicates the temporal nature of Jesus' earthly ministry. It suggests a specific period during which Jesus was physically present on Earth. The context of John 9 involves Jesus healing a man born blind, demonstrating His power and authority. The phrase also implies that Jesus' presence brings a unique opportunity for revelation and understanding. Historically, Jesus' time on Earth was a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies concerning the Messiah, such as Isaiah 61:1-2, which speaks of bringing light to those in darkness.

I am the light of the world
This declaration is one of the "I am" statements found in the Gospel of John, which are significant for their connection to God's self-identification in Exodus 3:14 ("I AM WHO I AM"). By using "I am," Jesus aligns Himself with the divine name, asserting His deity. The metaphor of light is rich in biblical symbolism, representing truth, holiness, and the presence of God. In the cultural context, light was essential for life and safety, especially in a world without modern lighting. Jesus as the "light of the world" signifies His role in illuminating spiritual truth and dispelling the darkness of sin and ignorance. This statement connects to other scriptures, such as John 1:4-5, where Jesus is described as the life and light of men, and Isaiah 9:2, which prophesies a great light for those walking in darkness.

When Jesus had said this
This phrase refers to the preceding context where Jesus explains that the man's blindness was not due to sin but so that the works of God might be displayed in him. This highlights the theme of divine purpose and sovereignty, emphasizing that Jesus' actions are intentional and fulfill God's plan. It also connects to the broader theme in John of Jesus as the Light of the World, bringing spiritual and physical sight.

He spit on the ground
Spitting on the ground to make mud was a common practice in ancient times, believed to have medicinal properties. This act demonstrates Jesus' use of ordinary elements to perform extraordinary miracles, showcasing His divine authority over creation. It also reflects the incarnation, where the divine interacts with the physical world.

made some mud
The act of making mud can be seen as a symbolic act of creation, reminiscent of God forming man from the dust of the ground in Genesis 2:7. This connection underscores Jesus' role as the Creator and His power to bring new life and healing. It also prefigures the new creation that believers experience through faith in Christ.

and applied it to the man’s eyes
By applying the mud to the man's eyes, Jesus engages in a personal and intimate act of healing. This physical touch signifies compassion and the breaking of social norms, as touching a blind person or using saliva was considered unclean. It also foreshadows the sacramental nature of Jesus' ministry, where physical elements are used to convey spiritual truths and grace. This act of healing is a sign pointing to Jesus as the Messiah, fulfilling prophecies of the blind receiving sight (Isaiah 35:5).

Then He told him,
This phrase indicates a direct command from Jesus, emphasizing His authority and the personal nature of His interaction with the blind man. Jesus often used direct commands to demonstrate His power and to invite individuals to participate in their own healing or transformation (e.g., John 5:8, "Get up, pick up your mat and walk").

“Go, wash in the Pool of Siloam”
The Pool of Siloam was a significant site in Jerusalem, fed by the Gihon Spring through Hezekiah's Tunnel. It was used for ritual purification, especially during the Feast of Tabernacles. The act of washing symbolizes cleansing and obedience, reflecting Old Testament practices (e.g., Leviticus 14:8-9). Jesus' instruction to wash here connects to the theme of spiritual cleansing and renewal.

(which means “Sent”).
The name "Siloam" meaning "Sent" holds theological significance. It points to Jesus as the One sent by the Father (John 3:17, John 5:36). This also prefigures the mission of the disciples, who are sent into the world (John 20:21). The pool's name underscores the divine mission and authority of Jesus.

So the man went and washed,
The man's obedience to Jesus' command is crucial. It demonstrates faith and trust in Jesus' words, akin to Naaman's healing in 2 Kings 5:10-14, where obedience to a prophet's instructions led to healing. This act of faith is a key component in the narrative, highlighting the importance of responding to Jesus' call.

and came back seeing.
The miraculous healing signifies not only physical sight restored but also spiritual insight. This transformation is a testament to Jesus' divine power and serves as a sign of His messianic identity (Isaiah 35:5). The restoration of sight is a recurring theme in the Gospels, symbolizing enlightenment and the revelation of truth (John 8:12).

At this, his neighbors and those who had formerly seen him begging began to ask
The context of this passage is the miraculous healing of a man born blind by Jesus. The neighbors and those familiar with the man are astonished by the change in his condition. This reflects the close-knit nature of communities in ancient Jewish society, where people were well-acquainted with each other's circumstances. The reaction of the neighbors highlights the public nature of the miracle, serving as a testament to Jesus' divine power. In biblical times, blindness was often seen as a sign of sin or divine punishment, making the healing even more significant as it challenges prevailing beliefs.

“Isn’t this the man who used to sit and beg?”
Begging was a common practice for those with disabilities in ancient Israel, as there were limited means of support for the disabled. The man's transformation from a beggar to someone who can see is a powerful symbol of spiritual awakening and redemption. This question underscores the dramatic change in the man's life, prompting a reevaluation of his identity by those around him. The miracle serves as a type of spiritual enlightenment, where Jesus, the Light of the World, brings both physical and spiritual sight. This event foreshadows the transformative power of Christ's ministry and the new identity believers receive through faith.

Some claimed that he was
This phrase highlights the division among the people who witnessed the miracle of the blind man receiving his sight. The miracle performed by Jesus was so astonishing that it led to confusion and debate among the onlookers. This reflects the common theme in the Gospels where Jesus' miracles often led to mixed reactions, with some believing and others doubting. The skepticism here can be seen as a reflection of the broader disbelief that Jesus faced throughout His ministry, as seen in passages like John 7:12-13, where there was division among the people about who Jesus was.

but others said, “No, he just looks like him.”
This skepticism is indicative of the human tendency to doubt what seems impossible. The transformation of the blind man was so complete that some could not believe it was the same person. This reflects the broader theme of spiritual blindness found in the Gospel of John, where physical sight is often used as a metaphor for spiritual insight. The doubt expressed here parallels the disbelief of the Pharisees and others who refused to accept Jesus' miracles as evidence of His divine authority, as seen in John 12:37-40.

But the man kept saying, “I am the one.”
The healed man's insistence on his identity underscores the personal testimony aspect of faith. His repeated affirmation serves as a powerful witness to the transformative power of Jesus. This personal testimony is a key element in the Gospel of John, where individual encounters with Jesus often lead to profound declarations of faith, such as the Samaritan woman's testimony in John 4:39. The man's persistence also highlights the theme of personal conviction in the face of doubt and opposition, a theme that resonates throughout the New Testament, as seen in Acts 4:20, where Peter and John assert their commitment to testify about what they have seen and heard.

How then were your eyes opened?
This question is posed by the neighbors and those who had seen the man blind from birth, now healed. It reflects a natural curiosity and skepticism about the miraculous event. In the Jewish context, blindness was often associated with sin or divine judgment (John 9:2), so the healing would have been seen as a significant sign. The question also highlights the theme of spiritual blindness versus physical sight, a recurring motif in John's Gospel. The opening of the eyes symbolizes not just physical healing but also spiritual enlightenment, pointing to Jesus as the light of the world (John 8:12). This miracle serves as a type of Jesus' mission to bring spiritual sight to those in darkness. The question invites the reader to consider the power and authority of Jesus, who performs works that fulfill messianic prophecies such as those found in Isaiah 35:5, where the eyes of the blind are opened. He answered
This phrase indicates a response to a question or inquiry. In the context of John 9, the man born blind is responding to the Pharisees and others questioning him about how he received his sight. This reflects the broader theme of testimony and witness found throughout the Gospel of John, where individuals testify to the works and identity of Jesus.

The man they call Jesus
This phrase highlights the initial understanding of Jesus by the man who was healed. At this point, he knows Jesus only by name and reputation, not yet fully recognizing Him as the Messiah. This reflects the progressive revelation of Jesus' identity throughout the Gospel. The name "Jesus" is the Greek form of "Yeshua," meaning "The Lord saves," which is significant in understanding His mission.

made some mud and anointed my eyes
This action by Jesus is unique to this miracle and demonstrates His authority over creation. The use of mud, made from the earth, can be seen as a symbolic act reminiscent of God creating man from the dust of the ground in Genesis 2:7. The act of anointing is also significant, as anointing with oil or other substances was a common practice for healing and consecration in Jewish culture.

and He told me to go to Siloam and wash
The Pool of Siloam was a significant site in Jerusalem, used for ritual purification. Archaeological discoveries have confirmed its location and importance. The command to wash in Siloam can be seen as a test of faith and obedience, similar to Naaman's washing in the Jordan River in 2 Kings 5. The name "Siloam" means "Sent," which is symbolic of Jesus being the One sent by God.

So I went and washed and received my sight
This phrase emphasizes the man's obedience to Jesus' command, resulting in his healing. It illustrates the principle that faith and obedience to Jesus' words lead to spiritual enlightenment and transformation. The physical healing of the blind man serves as a metaphor for spiritual sight and understanding, a theme prevalent in John's Gospel. This miracle also fulfills Old Testament prophecies, such as Isaiah 35:5, which speaks of the eyes of the blind being opened in the Messianic age.

Where is He?
This question is posed by the neighbors and those who had seen the blind man begging. It reflects a natural curiosity and a desire to understand the miraculous event they have just witnessed. In the broader biblical context, this question echoes the human quest for understanding and seeking God, as seen in passages like Jeremiah 29:13, "You will seek me and find me when you seek me with all your heart." The question also highlights the physical absence of Jesus at this moment, which is significant in the narrative as it emphasizes the personal encounter the man had with Jesus, rather than a public spectacle. This moment foreshadows the later spiritual seeking of Jesus after His resurrection, as seen in John 20:15 when Mary Magdalene asks, "Where have you taken Him?"

I do not know,
The man's response indicates his limited understanding and knowledge of Jesus at this point. This reflects a common theme in the Gospels where individuals initially encounter Jesus without fully comprehending His identity or mission. It parallels the journey of faith many believers experience, starting with an encounter with Jesus and growing into deeper understanding and relationship. This phrase also underscores the man's honesty and humility, traits that are often highlighted in Scripture as valuable, such as in Proverbs 11:2, "When pride comes, then comes disgrace, but with humility comes wisdom." The man's lack of knowledge about Jesus' whereabouts also serves to focus the narrative on the miracle itself and the transformation it brought about, rather than on Jesus' physical presence.

he answered.
The man's response is straightforward and factual, emphasizing his role as a witness to the miracle. This aligns with the biblical theme of testimony, where individuals are called to bear witness to the works of God, as seen in Acts 1:8, "You will be my witnesses." His answer also sets the stage for the subsequent investigation by the Pharisees, highlighting the tension between the miraculous works of Jesus and the skepticism of the religious leaders. This tension is a recurring theme in the Gospels, illustrating the conflict between the new covenant Jesus brings and the established religious order. The man's testimony, though simple, becomes a powerful declaration of Jesus' divine power and authority.

They brought to the Pharisees
The act of bringing the man to the Pharisees reflects the Jewish custom of seeking religious leaders for judgment on matters of the Law. The Pharisees were a prominent religious group known for their strict adherence to the Torah and oral traditions. This event occurs in Jerusalem, where the Pharisees held significant influence. The Pharisees often acted as arbiters in religious disputes, and their involvement here underscores the tension between Jesus' miraculous works and the established religious order. This setting foreshadows the growing conflict between Jesus and the religious authorities, as seen in other Gospel accounts.

the man who had been blind.
The man in question had been blind from birth, as detailed earlier in the chapter. His healing by Jesus on the Sabbath was a point of contention, as it challenged the Pharisees' interpretation of Sabbath laws. This miracle serves as a sign of Jesus' divine authority and fulfillment of messianic prophecies, such as those in Isaiah 35:5, which speak of the blind receiving sight. The man's transformation from blindness to sight is symbolic of spiritual enlightenment and the revelation of truth through Christ. This healing also prefigures the spiritual awakening that Jesus offers to those who are spiritually blind.

Now the day on which Jesus had made the mud and opened his eyes
This phrase refers to the miracle where Jesus healed a man born blind by making mud with His saliva and applying it to the man's eyes. This act of healing is significant as it demonstrates Jesus' authority over physical ailments and His power to restore sight, both physically and spiritually. The use of mud can be seen as a symbolic act, reminiscent of God's creation of man from the dust of the ground in Genesis 2:7, highlighting Jesus' divine nature and creative power. This miracle is one of the signs in the Gospel of John that reveal Jesus as the Messiah and the Son of God.

was a Sabbath.
The mention of the Sabbath is crucial in understanding the conflict between Jesus and the Jewish religious leaders. The Sabbath, a day of rest and worship, was strictly observed by the Jews, based on the commandment in Exodus 20:8-11. By performing this miracle on the Sabbath, Jesus challenges the Pharisees' legalistic interpretation of the law, emphasizing the spirit of the law over its letter. This act highlights Jesus' authority over the Sabbath, as He declares in Mark 2:27-28 that "the Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath." The healing on the Sabbath also foreshadows the new covenant, where Jesus fulfills the law and offers rest and restoration to all who believe in Him.

So the Pharisees also asked him how he had received his sight.
The Pharisees were a prominent religious group in first-century Judaism known for their strict adherence to the Law and oral traditions. They often questioned Jesus and His followers to challenge their teachings and actions. In this context, they are investigating the miraculous healing of a man born blind, which Jesus performed on the Sabbath. This inquiry reflects their concern with maintaining religious authority and their skepticism of Jesus' divine power. The Pharisees' questioning is consistent with their role as religious leaders who were responsible for upholding Jewish law and tradition.

The man answered, “He put mud on my eyes, and I washed, and now I can see.”
The man's response is a straightforward account of the miracle performed by Jesus. The use of mud, made from Jesus' saliva and dirt, is significant as it echoes the creation narrative in Genesis, where God formed man from the dust of the ground. This act symbolizes Jesus' authority over creation and His role as the divine healer. The instruction to wash in the Pool of Siloam, a site with historical and ritual significance in Jerusalem, further emphasizes the connection between physical and spiritual cleansing. The man's testimony is a powerful witness to the transformative power of Jesus, aligning with other biblical accounts of healing and restoration, such as the healing of Naaman in 2 Kings 5.

Because of this, some of the Pharisees said,
The Pharisees were a religious group known for their strict adherence to the Law of Moses and oral traditions. They often clashed with Jesus over interpretations of the law. In this context, "because of this" refers to the healing of the man born blind, which Jesus performed on the Sabbath. This act challenged their understanding of Sabbath observance.

“This man is not from God,
The Pharisees questioned Jesus' divine authority because He did not conform to their legalistic standards. In their view, a true prophet or man of God would strictly observe the Sabbath laws. This reflects their limited understanding of God's work and the nature of the Messiah, who was prophesied to bring healing and restoration (Isaiah 35:5-6).

for He does not keep the Sabbath.”
The Pharisees believed that Jesus violated the Sabbath by performing a healing, which they considered work. However, Jesus taught that the Sabbath was made for man's benefit (Mark 2:27) and demonstrated that acts of mercy and necessity were lawful (Matthew 12:12). This highlights the tension between Jesus' teachings and the Pharisaic interpretation of the law.

But others said,
This indicates that not all Pharisees were in agreement. There was a diversity of thought among them, suggesting that some were open to considering Jesus' actions and teachings more deeply. Nicodemus, a Pharisee, had earlier shown interest in Jesus' teachings (John 3:1-2).

“How can a sinful man perform such signs?”
This question reflects a recognition of the miraculous nature of Jesus' works. In Jewish thought, miracles were often seen as evidence of divine approval. The signs Jesus performed, such as healing the blind, were messianic in nature (Isaiah 42:7), challenging the notion that He could be sinful.

And there was division among them.
The division among the Pharisees illustrates the polarizing effect of Jesus' ministry. His teachings and miracles forced people to confront their beliefs about God, the law, and the Messiah. This division is a recurring theme in the Gospels, as Jesus' identity and mission often led to conflict and debate (John 7:43, Luke 12:51).

So once again they asked the man who had been blind
This phrase indicates a repeated inquiry, suggesting the Pharisees' skepticism and determination to discredit Jesus. The man who had been blind is central to this narrative, representing those who receive spiritual sight through Christ. His healing is a sign of Jesus' messianic mission, fulfilling prophecies like Isaiah 35:5, which speaks of the eyes of the blind being opened.

“What do you say about Him, since it was your eyes He opened?”
The question posed to the healed man reflects the Pharisees' attempt to gather evidence against Jesus. It highlights the tension between Jesus' miraculous works and the religious leaders' refusal to accept Him. The healing of the blind man is a direct challenge to their authority and understanding of the law. This question also emphasizes personal testimony, a powerful element in the spread of the Gospel, as seen in Revelation 12:11.

“He is a prophet,” the man replied.
The man's response acknowledges Jesus' divine authority and aligns Him with the tradition of Old Testament prophets who performed miracles and spoke God's truth. This recognition is significant, as it places Jesus within the prophetic tradition, yet it also falls short of recognizing His full identity as the Son of God. The acknowledgment of Jesus as a prophet is a step towards understanding His true nature, as seen in the progression of faith in John 9, culminating in the man's worship of Jesus in verse 38.

The Jews still did not believe
This phrase highlights the skepticism and disbelief of the Jewish leaders, likely the Pharisees, who were often in opposition to Jesus. Their disbelief is consistent with their general resistance to Jesus' miracles and teachings, as seen throughout the Gospels. This skepticism can be seen as a fulfillment of prophecies like Isaiah 6:9-10, where the people would hear but not understand, and see but not perceive.

that the man had been blind
The focus on the man's blindness underscores the miraculous nature of the healing. Blindness was a common affliction in ancient times, often seen as a sign of sin or divine judgment (John 9:2). The healing of a man born blind was unprecedented and served as a powerful testament to Jesus' divine authority and fulfillment of messianic prophecies, such as Isaiah 35:5, which speaks of the eyes of the blind being opened.

and had received his sight
Receiving sight is symbolic of spiritual enlightenment and salvation. In the context of John's Gospel, physical sight often parallels spiritual insight. Jesus' miracles are signs pointing to deeper spiritual truths, emphasizing His role as the Light of the World (John 8:12). This miracle serves as a type of Jesus' power to bring spiritual sight to those in darkness.

until they summoned his parents
The summoning of the man's parents indicates the lengths to which the Jewish leaders would go to verify the miracle. This reflects the legalistic and investigative nature of the Pharisees, who were known for their strict adherence to the law and traditions. The involvement of the parents also highlights the social and familial implications of the miracle, as the parents would have been witnesses to their son's lifelong condition. This act of summoning is reminiscent of the thorough investigations prescribed in the Mosaic Law for verifying claims (Deuteronomy 19:15-19).

and asked,
This phrase indicates an interrogation or questioning, often used in legal or formal settings. In the context of John 9, the Pharisees are conducting an investigation into the healing of the blind man. This reflects the Jewish leaders' authority and their role in maintaining religious order. The act of questioning is a common theme in the Gospels, where Jesus and His works are frequently scrutinized by religious authorities.

“Is this your son,
The question is directed to the parents of the man born blind. This reflects the importance of family testimony in Jewish culture, where familial relationships were crucial for identity and social standing. The Pharisees are seeking confirmation of the man's identity, which is a critical aspect of establishing the truth in any legal inquiry.

the one you say was born blind?
This phrase highlights skepticism and doubt. The Pharisees are questioning the validity of the claim that the man was born blind, which is central to the miracle's significance. In Jewish thought, physical ailments were often associated with sin (John 9:2), and a miraculous healing would challenge their understanding of sin and divine intervention. The emphasis on being "born blind" underscores the miraculous nature of the healing, as it was not a temporary or recent affliction.

So how is it that he can now see?”
This question points to the miraculous nature of the healing. The Pharisees are seeking a natural explanation for what is a supernatural event. This reflects a broader theme in the Gospels where Jesus' miracles are met with disbelief or attempts to rationalize them. The healing of the blind man is a sign of Jesus' messianic identity, fulfilling prophecies such as Isaiah 35:5, which speaks of the eyes of the blind being opened. This miracle serves as a type of spiritual enlightenment, where Jesus brings light to those in spiritual darkness (John 8:12).

His parents answered
In the context of John 9, the parents of the man born blind are responding to the Pharisees' interrogation. This reflects the societal pressure and fear of excommunication from the synagogue, as the Jewish leaders had already decided that anyone who acknowledged Jesus as the Messiah would be put out of the synagogue (John 9:22). The parents' cautious response highlights the tension between the emerging Christian faith and established Jewish authority.

We know he is our son
The parents affirm their relationship to the man, establishing their credibility as witnesses. This statement underscores the authenticity of the miracle, as they confirm the identity of the man who was healed. In Jewish culture, family lineage and identity were significant, often tied to one's social and religious standing. This acknowledgment also serves to validate the miraculous nature of the healing, as it confirms the man's lifelong condition.

and we know he was born blind
The parents attest to the fact that their son was born blind, emphasizing the miraculous nature of his healing. This detail is crucial because it rules out any possibility of a temporary or psychosomatic condition. The healing of congenital blindness was unprecedented, underscoring Jesus' divine authority and fulfilling messianic prophecies such as Isaiah 35:5, which speaks of the eyes of the blind being opened. This miracle serves as a type of spiritual enlightenment, illustrating Jesus as the Light of the World who brings spiritual sight to those in darkness.

But how he can now see or who opened his eyes, we do not know.
This phrase reflects the parents' response to the Pharisees' inquiry about their son's healing. The context is a miracle performed by Jesus, where He healed a man born blind (John 9:1-12). The parents' statement indicates their fear of the Jewish leaders, who had already decided that anyone acknowledging Jesus as the Messiah would be expelled from the synagogue (John 9:22). This fear of excommunication highlights the social and religious pressures of the time, where being cast out of the synagogue meant losing community and social standing. The miracle itself is a fulfillment of messianic prophecies, such as Isaiah 35:5, which speaks of the eyes of the blind being opened, pointing to Jesus as the promised Messiah.

Ask him.
The parents deflect responsibility back to their son, suggesting that he is capable of providing his own testimony. This reflects the legal practices of the time, where individuals were expected to testify on their own behalf. It also underscores the parents' desire to avoid conflict with the religious authorities. The act of asking the healed man directly is consistent with Jewish legal procedures, where witnesses were called to confirm events. This also emphasizes the personal nature of faith and testimony, as each individual must encounter and respond to Jesus personally.

He is old enough to speak for himself.”
This phrase indicates that the man was of age, meaning he was at least thirteen years old, the age of legal responsibility in Jewish culture. This age allowed him to be a credible witness in legal matters. The parents' insistence on their son's ability to speak for himself further distances them from the controversy surrounding Jesus' miracle. It also highlights the importance of personal testimony in the Gospel of John, where individual encounters with Jesus lead to personal declarations of faith. The healed man's forthcoming testimony (John 9:25) becomes a powerful witness to Jesus' divine authority and the transformative power of His miracles.

His parents said this because they were afraid of the Jews.
The parents of the man born blind were responding to the Pharisees' questioning. Their fear of "the Jews" refers specifically to the Jewish religious leaders, particularly the Pharisees, who held significant power and influence. This fear was not uncommon, as the religious leaders could impose social and religious sanctions. The parents' fear highlights the tension between Jesus' followers and the Jewish authorities. This tension is a recurring theme in the Gospels, where the religious leaders often oppose Jesus' ministry. The fear of being ostracized from the community was a powerful motivator, as Jewish identity was closely tied to religious and social life.

For the Jews had already determined that anyone who confessed Jesus as the Christ would be put out of the synagogue.
The decision to expel anyone confessing Jesus as the Christ from the synagogue reflects the growing hostility towards Jesus and His followers. This expulsion, known as "herem," was a form of excommunication that severed individuals from the religious and social life of the Jewish community. The synagogue was central to Jewish worship, education, and community life, so being put out was a severe punishment. This determination by the Jewish leaders underscores their rejection of Jesus as the Messiah, despite the signs and miracles He performed. This rejection fulfills prophecies such as Isaiah 53, which speaks of the Messiah being despised and rejected. The early church faced similar challenges, as seen in Acts, where the apostles often encountered opposition from Jewish authorities. This passage foreshadows the growing divide between traditional Jewish beliefs and the emerging Christian faith, which recognized Jesus as the promised Messiah.

That was why his parents said
In the context of John 9, Jesus heals a man who was born blind. The Pharisees, skeptical of this miracle, interrogate the man and his parents. The parents' response is cautious, reflecting the social and religious pressures of the time. The Jewish leaders had already decided that anyone confessing Jesus as the Messiah would be expelled from the synagogue (John 9:22). This fear of excommunication highlights the tension between the early followers of Jesus and the established religious authorities. The parents' statement is a strategic move to avoid conflict with the Pharisees.

“He is old enough.
The phrase indicates that the man was of age to speak for himself, suggesting he was at least 13 years old, the age of religious maturity in Jewish culture, known as Bar Mitzvah. This cultural detail underscores the parents' attempt to distance themselves from the controversy, placing the responsibility of testimony on their son. It also reflects the Jewish legal principle that an adult is responsible for their own testimony.

Ask him.”
By directing the Pharisees to their son, the parents avoid making a direct statement about Jesus, thus protecting themselves from potential repercussions. This response is a reflection of the fear and division that Jesus' ministry caused among the Jewish people. It also emphasizes the personal nature of faith and testimony, as each individual must confront the truth of Jesus' identity. The man's willingness to testify about his healing contrasts with his parents' reluctance, highlighting the transformative impact of encountering Christ.

So a second time they called for the man who had been blind
The Pharisees, religious leaders of the time, were conducting an investigation into the healing of the man born blind. This was the second time they summoned him, indicating their persistence and determination to discredit Jesus. The repeated questioning reflects the legalistic nature of the Pharisees and their adherence to the oral traditions and laws. The man who had been blind represents those who have received spiritual sight and understanding through Christ, contrasting with the spiritual blindness of the Pharisees.

and said, “Give glory to God!
This phrase is a call for the man to speak the truth, akin to taking an oath. It echoes Joshua 7:19, where Joshua tells Achan to confess his sin. The Pharisees are urging the man to attribute the miracle to God, but not to Jesus, whom they refuse to acknowledge as the Messiah. This reflects the tension between acknowledging God's work and rejecting the one through whom God works, a common theme in the Gospels.

We know that this man is a sinner.”
The Pharisees assert their belief that Jesus is a sinner because He healed on the Sabbath, violating their interpretation of the law. This accusation highlights the conflict between Jesus and the religious authorities, who prioritized legalistic adherence over compassion and mercy. The statement also underscores the irony of their spiritual blindness, as they fail to recognize Jesus as the sinless Son of God. This connects to the broader biblical theme of Jesus being rejected by His own people, as prophesied in Isaiah 53:3.

He answered
This phrase introduces the response of the man who was born blind, now healed by Jesus. His answer is given to the Pharisees who are questioning him. This reflects the boldness and confidence he has gained after his encounter with Jesus, despite the pressure from religious authorities.

Whether He is a sinner I do not know.
The man acknowledges his limited understanding of Jesus' nature. The Pharisees had accused Jesus of being a sinner for healing on the Sabbath. This reflects the tension between Jesus and the religious leaders, who often accused Him of breaking the law. The man's statement shows his focus on personal experience over theological debate.

There is one thing I do know:
This phrase emphasizes the certainty and simplicity of the man's testimony. It highlights the importance of personal experience and testimony in the Christian faith. The man speaks from his own transformation, which is undeniable and powerful.

I was blind, but now I see!
This statement is both literal and metaphorical. Literally, the man was physically blind and received sight through Jesus' miracle. Metaphorically, it represents spiritual enlightenment and transformation, a theme prevalent throughout the Gospel of John. This phrase echoes the transformative power of Jesus, who brings light to darkness, as seen in John 8:12 where Jesus declares Himself the Light of the World. It also connects to the broader biblical theme of spiritual awakening and redemption.

“What did He do to you?”
This question is posed by the Pharisees during their interrogation of the man born blind, whom Jesus healed. The Pharisees are skeptical and seek to discredit the miracle. This reflects their broader opposition to Jesus, as they often questioned His authority and sought to undermine His works (Matthew 12:14). The question also highlights the Pharisees' focus on the actions of Jesus rather than the miraculous outcome, indicating their spiritual blindness and inability to recognize the divine nature of Jesus' works (John 9:39-41).

“they asked.”
The Pharisees' repeated questioning of the healed man demonstrates their persistent disbelief and unwillingness to accept the miracle as a sign of Jesus' messianic identity. This interrogation is part of a larger pattern of religious leaders challenging Jesus' authority and miracles (John 5:16-18). Their questioning also serves to intimidate the man and his family, as acknowledging Jesus' divine power could lead to expulsion from the synagogue (John 9:22).

“How did He open your eyes?”
This question focuses on the method of the miracle, reflecting the Pharisees' preoccupation with legalistic details rather than the spiritual significance. The miracle of restoring sight to the blind is a fulfillment of messianic prophecy, as seen in Isaiah 35:5, which speaks of the eyes of the blind being opened. The act of giving sight is symbolic of spiritual enlightenment and the revelation of truth, themes central to Jesus' ministry (John 8:12). The Pharisees' inability to understand or accept the miracle underscores their spiritual blindness and resistance to the light of Christ.

He replied, “I already told you, and you did not listen.
This phrase highlights the persistent disbelief and stubbornness of the Pharisees. The man born blind, who was healed by Jesus, is speaking to the religious leaders who refuse to accept the miracle. This reflects a recurring theme in the Gospels where Jesus' teachings and miracles are met with skepticism and rejection by the religious authorities. The phrase underscores the importance of spiritual openness and the willingness to hear and accept the truth. In a broader biblical context, this echoes the prophetic warnings in the Old Testament about having ears but not hearing (Isaiah 6:9-10).

Why do you want to hear it again?
The healed man's question points to the futility of repeating the testimony to those who are unwilling to believe. It suggests a sense of frustration and incredulity at their persistent questioning. This can be seen as a challenge to the Pharisees' motives, questioning whether their inquiry is genuine or merely an attempt to find grounds to accuse Jesus. This reflects the broader theme of spiritual blindness, where physical sight is restored, but spiritual insight remains lacking.

Do you also want to become His disciples?”
This rhetorical question is both bold and ironic. The healed man implies that the Pharisees' interest in Jesus' actions might indicate a desire to follow Him, though he likely knows this is not their intention. This statement challenges the Pharisees' authority and exposes their hypocrisy. It also highlights the growing division between those who recognize Jesus as the Messiah and those who reject Him. The concept of discipleship is central to the New Testament, where following Jesus involves a commitment to His teachings and a transformation of life. This moment foreshadows the eventual spread of Jesus' message beyond the Jewish leaders to a broader audience, fulfilling prophecies of the Messiah being a light to the Gentiles (Isaiah 42:6).

Then they heaped insults on him
The religious leaders, likely Pharisees, are reacting with hostility towards the man born blind who was healed by Jesus. This reflects their growing animosity towards Jesus and His followers. Insulting was a common tactic used by those in power to discredit and intimidate. This behavior is consistent with the Pharisees' previous interactions with Jesus, where they often resorted to verbal attacks when their authority was challenged (John 8:48).

and said, “You are His disciple;
The healed man is accused of being a disciple of Jesus, which, in the context of the time, was a serious charge. Being a disciple of Jesus meant aligning oneself with His teachings, which were seen as radical and threatening to the established religious order. This accusation highlights the division between those who followed Jesus and those who adhered strictly to the Mosaic Law. The term "disciple" implies a committed follower, suggesting that the man’s acknowledgment of Jesus' miracle was seen as a declaration of allegiance.

we are disciples of Moses.
The Pharisees prided themselves on their adherence to the Mosaic Law, which they believed was the ultimate expression of God's will. By claiming to be disciples of Moses, they are asserting their authority and legitimacy. Moses is a central figure in Jewish history, representing the law and covenant given by God. This statement underscores the tension between the old covenant, represented by Moses, and the new covenant, represented by Jesus. The Pharisees' reliance on Moses is contrasted with Jesus' fulfillment of the law, as seen in passages like John 1:17, which states that grace and truth came through Jesus Christ.

We know that God spoke to Moses
This phrase reflects the Pharisees' acknowledgment of the authority and divine inspiration of the Mosaic Law. Moses is a central figure in Jewish history, having led the Israelites out of Egypt and received the Law on Mount Sinai. The Pharisees' statement underscores their reliance on the Torah as the foundation of their faith and practice. In the broader biblical context, Moses is often seen as a type of Christ, a deliverer and mediator between God and His people. The reference to God speaking to Moses highlights the direct communication and covenant relationship established between God and Israel, as seen in Exodus 3:4-10 and Deuteronomy 34:10.

but we do not know where this man is from.
This part of the verse reveals the Pharisees' skepticism and rejection of Jesus' divine authority and messianic identity. Their statement reflects a common theme in the Gospels, where Jesus' origins and authority are questioned (John 7:27, John 8:14). The phrase "where this man is from" can be understood both geographically and spiritually. While they may be aware of Jesus' earthly origins in Nazareth, they fail to recognize His divine origin as the Son of God. This ignorance or refusal to acknowledge Jesus' true identity fulfills the prophecy of Isaiah 53:3, where the Messiah is described as being despised and rejected by men. The contrast between their certainty about Moses and uncertainty about Jesus highlights their spiritual blindness, a central theme in John 9, where Jesus heals a man born blind, symbolizing the opening of spiritual eyes to recognize the truth of Christ.

“That is remarkable indeed!”
The healed man expresses astonishment at the Pharisees' inability to recognize the significance of Jesus' miracle. This phrase highlights the irony and blindness of the religious leaders who, despite their knowledge of the Scriptures, fail to see the divine work in Jesus' actions. The word "remarkable" underscores the extraordinary nature of the miracle, which should have been a clear sign of divine intervention. This reflects the broader theme in John's Gospel of spiritual blindness versus sight, a motif that runs throughout the chapter.

the man said.
The man who was healed of blindness is speaking. His testimony is crucial as it comes from a firsthand witness of Jesus' miraculous power. In the cultural context, personal testimony was a powerful form of evidence. The man's boldness in speaking to the Pharisees also indicates a transformation not just physically but spiritually, as he begins to understand and articulate the truth about Jesus.

“You do not know where He is from,
The healed man points out the Pharisees' ignorance regarding Jesus' divine origin. This statement is significant because it contrasts with the earlier claims of the Pharisees who prided themselves on their knowledge of God and the law. The phrase also echoes John 7:27, where there is confusion about Jesus' origins. Theologically, it underscores the theme of Jesus being sent from the Father, a key element in John's Gospel.

and yet He opened my eyes.
This phrase emphasizes the miracle of physical healing as a sign of Jesus' divine authority and power. In the Jewish context, giving sight to the blind was considered a messianic act, fulfilling prophecies such as Isaiah 35:5. The miracle serves as a type of spiritual enlightenment, pointing to Jesus as the light of the world (John 8:12). The man's physical sight is restored, symbolizing the spiritual insight that Jesus offers to those who believe in Him.

We know that God does not listen to sinners
This phrase reflects a common belief in Jewish tradition that God does not heed the prayers of those who are in active rebellion against Him. In the Old Testament, passages such as Psalm 66:18 and Isaiah 59:2 emphasize that sin creates a barrier between God and humanity. The context of John 9 is the healing of the man born blind, and this statement is made by the man himself, who is addressing the Pharisees. The Pharisees, known for their strict adherence to the law, would have understood this concept well. Theologically, this reflects the idea that sin separates humanity from God, a theme consistent throughout Scripture.

but He does listen to the one who worships Him
This part of the verse highlights the importance of worship and reverence towards God. Worship in the Jewish context involved not only ritual practices but also a heart posture of submission and obedience. The Psalms frequently emphasize that God is near to those who call on Him in truth (Psalm 145:18). In the New Testament, Jesus teaches that true worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and truth (John 4:23-24). This phrase underscores the relational aspect of faith, where God responds to those who earnestly seek Him.

and does His will
Doing God's will is a central theme in both the Old and New Testaments. In the context of John 9, the healed man implies that Jesus, by performing the miracle, is doing the will of God. This aligns with Jesus' own statements about His mission, such as in John 6:38, where He declares that He has come to do the will of the Father. The concept of doing God's will is also tied to obedience and righteousness, as seen in passages like Matthew 7:21, where Jesus states that only those who do the will of His Father will enter the kingdom of heaven. This phrase emphasizes the active response of faith, where belief is demonstrated through actions aligned with God's purposes.

Never before has anyone heard
This phrase emphasizes the unprecedented nature of the miracle Jesus performed. In the Jewish tradition, miracles were often seen as signs of divine intervention. The statement underscores the uniqueness of Jesus' ministry and the power He wielded, which was unlike anything previously recorded in Jewish history or scripture. This sets the stage for understanding Jesus as a figure who transcends the expectations of a typical prophet or healer.

of opening the eyes
The act of opening the eyes is symbolic of spiritual enlightenment and revelation. In biblical literature, blindness often represents spiritual ignorance or lack of understanding, while sight is associated with knowledge and insight. This miracle not only addresses physical blindness but also serves as a metaphor for the spiritual awakening that Jesus brings. It connects to prophecies such as Isaiah 35:5, which speaks of the eyes of the blind being opened as a sign of the Messiah's coming.

of a man born blind.
The detail that the man was born blind highlights the severity and hopelessness of his condition, making the miracle even more remarkable. In the cultural context of the time, congenital blindness was often viewed as a result of sin, either of the individual or their parents, as seen in John 9:2. Jesus' healing of this man challenges these assumptions and demonstrates His authority over sin and its consequences. This act also prefigures the new creation and restoration that Jesus brings, as He reverses the effects of the fall and sin in the world.

If this man were not from God
This phrase reflects the belief that Jesus' miraculous works are evidence of His divine origin. In the context of John 9, Jesus heals a man born blind, a miracle that astonishes the witnesses and challenges the Pharisees. The statement implies that only someone with divine authority could perform such acts. This aligns with the broader biblical theme that true prophets and messengers of God are authenticated by their ability to perform miracles (Exodus 4:1-9, 1 Kings 18:36-39). Theologically, it underscores the belief in Jesus as the Messiah, fulfilling Old Testament prophecies such as Isaiah 35:5-6, which speaks of the blind seeing as a sign of the Messianic age.

He could do no such thing.
The phrase emphasizes the impossibility of performing divine acts without God's empowerment. In the cultural and historical context of first-century Judaism, miracles were seen as signs of divine approval and authority. The healing of the blind man serves as a testament to Jesus' divine mission and authority, challenging the religious leaders' understanding of God’s work. This statement also connects to other New Testament passages where Jesus' works are presented as evidence of His divine nature and mission (John 5:36, Acts 2:22). It highlights the theme of belief and unbelief, as the Pharisees' refusal to accept the miracle as a sign of Jesus' divine origin contrasts with the faith of those who recognize Him as the Son of God.

They replied, “You were born in utter sin,
This phrase reflects the prevailing Jewish belief that physical ailments or disabilities were a direct result of sin, either by the individual or their parents. This belief is rooted in passages like Exodus 20:5, where God speaks of visiting "the iniquity of the fathers on the children." The Pharisees' response to the healed man reveals their adherence to this doctrine, which Jesus challenges earlier in John 9:3, stating that the man's blindness was not due to sin but so that the works of God might be displayed in him. This accusation also highlights the Pharisees' spiritual blindness and their inability to see beyond the law to the grace and power of God.

and you are instructing us?”
The Pharisees' rhetorical question underscores their pride and perceived superiority as religious leaders. In the cultural and historical context of first-century Judaism, the Pharisees were respected as experts in the Law of Moses and religious traditions. Their question is laced with sarcasm and indignation, as they cannot fathom being taught by someone they consider a sinner and socially inferior. This reflects a broader biblical theme where God often uses the humble and lowly to confound the wise, as seen in 1 Corinthians 1:27, where God chooses the foolish things of the world to shame the wise.

And they threw him out.
This action signifies the man's excommunication from the synagogue, a severe punishment in Jewish society that meant social and religious isolation. Being cast out of the synagogue was not just a personal rejection but a communal one, affecting one's ability to participate in religious and social life. This expulsion is symbolic of the broader rejection of Jesus by the religious authorities, as they refuse to accept the truth of His miracles and teachings. It also foreshadows the growing division between the early Christian community and traditional Jewish structures, as believers in Jesus were increasingly marginalized. This act of casting out parallels the rejection Jesus Himself faced, fulfilling prophecies like Isaiah 53:3, where the Messiah is described as "despised and rejected by men."

When Jesus heard that they had thrown him out
This phrase refers to the aftermath of the healing of the man born blind, which led to his expulsion from the synagogue by the Pharisees. Being "thrown out" of the synagogue was a significant social and religious exclusion, as the synagogue was central to Jewish community life. This act highlights the growing tension between Jesus and the religious leaders. It also reflects the cost of discipleship and the division that Jesus' ministry was causing among the Jewish people.

He found the man
Jesus actively seeks out the man who had been healed, demonstrating His compassion and personal care. This action is consistent with Jesus' mission to seek and save the lost (Luke 19:10). It also illustrates the personal relationship Jesus desires with individuals, contrasting with the impersonal and legalistic approach of the Pharisees.

and said, “Do you believe in the Son of Man?”
The title "Son of Man" is a significant messianic term that Jesus frequently uses for Himself. It has roots in Daniel 7:13-14, where the "Son of Man" is depicted as a heavenly figure with authority and an everlasting kingdom. By asking this question, Jesus is inviting the man to a deeper understanding and faith in His true identity. This question also serves as a pivotal moment for the man to express his belief, moving from physical healing to spiritual enlightenment.

Who is He, Sir?
This question is asked by the man who was born blind and healed by Jesus. The term "Sir" indicates respect and a recognition of authority, though the man does not yet fully understand who Jesus is. This moment occurs after the man has been cast out by the Pharisees for defending Jesus. The question reflects a genuine desire to know the identity of the one who healed him. In the broader biblical context, this question echoes the search for truth and understanding seen throughout Scripture, such as in the inquiries of Nicodemus in John 3 or the Samaritan woman in John 4.

he replied.
The man’s response is immediate, showing his openness and readiness to learn more about the one who healed him. This reflects a heart that is prepared to receive truth, contrasting with the hardened hearts of the Pharisees. His willingness to engage in dialogue is reminiscent of other biblical figures who sought understanding, such as the Ethiopian eunuch in Acts 8.

Tell me so that I may believe in Him.
This phrase indicates the man's readiness to place his faith in Jesus once he knows who He is. The concept of belief is central to the Gospel of John, where faith is not just intellectual assent but a deep trust and commitment. The man's openness to belief contrasts with the skepticism and unbelief of the religious leaders. This moment foreshadows the fuller revelation of Jesus as the Messiah and the Son of God, fulfilling prophecies such as Isaiah 42:7, which speaks of opening the eyes of the blind. The man's journey from physical blindness to spiritual sight is a type of the transformative power of Christ, who brings light to those in darkness.

You have already seen Him,
This phrase is significant as it follows the miraculous healing of the man born blind, which is a sign of Jesus' divine authority and messianic identity. The man had been physically blind but now sees both physically and spiritually. This statement by Jesus emphasizes the revelation of His identity to those who are open to seeing it. In the broader biblical context, seeing is often associated with understanding and belief (e.g., John 1:14, John 14:9). Theologically, this moment reflects the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies about the Messiah bringing sight to the blind (Isaiah 35:5).

Jesus answered.
This indicates a direct response from Jesus, highlighting His personal engagement and willingness to reveal Himself to those who seek truth. Throughout the Gospels, Jesus often answers questions or responds to situations in ways that reveal deeper spiritual truths (e.g., John 4:26, John 18:37). His answers often challenge the listener to move beyond physical realities to spiritual understanding.

He is the One speaking with you.
Here, Jesus explicitly identifies Himself as the Messiah to the man who was healed. This is a rare moment of direct self-revelation, similar to His conversation with the Samaritan woman at the well (John 4:26). The phrase underscores the personal nature of Jesus' ministry and His desire for individuals to recognize Him as the Savior. It also reflects the theme of Jesus as the Word made flesh (John 1:14), who speaks truth and life into the world. This moment is a turning point for the man, leading to his confession of faith in Jesus as Lord (John 9:38).

Lord, I believe,
This phrase signifies a profound declaration of faith. The term "Lord" acknowledges Jesus' divine authority and sovereignty. In the context of the Gospel of John, belief is a central theme, emphasizing trust and faith in Jesus as the Messiah. This confession aligns with the purpose of John's Gospel, which is to lead readers to believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God (John 20:31). The man's belief is a response to the revelation of Jesus' identity, which is a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies about the coming Messiah (Isaiah 42:6-7).

he said.
The act of speaking this belief is significant, as it demonstrates the man's personal conviction and public confession. In the cultural context of the time, verbal confession was an important aspect of faith, as seen in Romans 10:9-10, where confessing with the mouth is linked to salvation. This public declaration also serves as a testimony to others, reinforcing the communal aspect of faith in the early Christian community.

And he worshiped Jesus.
Worship in this context indicates an act of reverence and adoration, recognizing Jesus' divine nature. This is a significant moment, as worship is due only to God, highlighting the recognition of Jesus' deity. The act of worship connects to other instances in the Gospels where individuals respond to Jesus with worship, such as the Magi in Matthew 2:11 and the disciples in Matthew 14:33. This worship fulfills the prophetic anticipation of the nations coming to worship the Messiah (Psalm 86:9). Theologically, it underscores the belief in the Trinity, where Jesus is acknowledged as God incarnate, worthy of worship and honor.

Then Jesus declared
This phrase indicates a solemn pronouncement by Jesus, often used to introduce significant teachings or revelations. In the context of the Gospel of John, Jesus frequently uses such declarations to reveal deeper spiritual truths. This moment follows the healing of a man born blind, a miracle that serves as a sign of Jesus' divine authority and mission.

For judgment I have come into this world
Here, Jesus speaks of His role in bringing divine judgment. This is not merely punitive but also revelatory, exposing the true spiritual state of individuals. The concept of judgment in the Bible often involves separating truth from falsehood and light from darkness. Jesus' coming into the world fulfills prophecies such as Isaiah 42:1-7, where the Messiah is described as bringing justice and light to the nations.

so that the blind may see
This phrase has both a literal and metaphorical meaning. Literally, Jesus healed the physically blind, as seen in the preceding miracle. Metaphorically, it refers to spiritual enlightenment. Those who recognize their spiritual blindness and seek Jesus are granted sight, akin to the promise in Isaiah 35:5, where the eyes of the blind are opened. This reflects the transformative power of Christ's ministry.

and those who see may become blind
This statement addresses the spiritual blindness of those who believe they already possess understanding, such as the Pharisees. It highlights the irony that those confident in their spiritual insight often fail to recognize Jesus as the Messiah. This theme is echoed in passages like Matthew 13:13-15, where Jesus speaks of people who see but do not perceive. It serves as a warning against spiritual pride and self-reliance.

Some of the Pharisees who were with Him heard this
The Pharisees were a prominent religious group in first-century Judaism known for their strict adherence to the Law and traditions. They often positioned themselves as authorities on religious matters. In this context, they were present during Jesus' teaching and miracles, including the healing of the man born blind. Their presence indicates their ongoing scrutiny of Jesus' actions and teachings. The Pharisees' role in society was significant, as they were influential in both religious and social spheres, often challenging Jesus' authority and interpretation of the Law.

and they asked Him
The Pharisees' question to Jesus reflects their skepticism and challenge to His authority. Throughout the Gospels, they frequently question Jesus to test Him or to find grounds for accusation. This interaction is part of a larger narrative where Jesus' miracles and teachings often provoke questions and debates about His identity and mission. The act of questioning was a common method in rabbinic tradition, used to engage in theological discussion and debate.

“Are we blind too?”
This question reveals the Pharisees' misunderstanding of spiritual blindness. While they were physically able to see, Jesus often used blindness metaphorically to describe a lack of spiritual insight or understanding. The Pharisees' question is ironic because, despite their religious knowledge, they fail to recognize Jesus as the Messiah. This theme of spiritual blindness is echoed in other parts of Scripture, such as Isaiah 6:9-10, where the prophet speaks of people who see but do not perceive. Jesus' response to the Pharisees highlights the contrast between physical sight and spiritual insight, a recurring theme in His teachings.

“If you were blind,” Jesus replied,
In this context, Jesus is speaking to the Pharisees, who were religious leaders in Israel. The term "blind" here is metaphorical, referring to spiritual blindness or ignorance. In biblical times, blindness was often seen as a physical ailment that rendered a person helpless, symbolizing a lack of understanding or insight. Jesus uses this metaphor to address the Pharisees' inability to recognize Him as the Messiah. This echoes Isaiah 42:7, where the Messiah is prophesied to open the eyes of the blind, both physically and spiritually.

“you would not be guilty of sin.”
Here, Jesus suggests that if the Pharisees were truly ignorant of their spiritual state, they would not be held accountable for their sin. This reflects a biblical principle found in Leviticus 5:17, where unintentional sin is treated differently from willful disobedience. The concept of accountability is central in Scripture, as seen in James 4:17, which states that knowing the right thing to do and failing to do it is sin.

But since you claim you can see,
The Pharisees prided themselves on their knowledge of the Law and their spiritual insight. Their claim to "see" indicates their self-righteousness and confidence in their own understanding. This is reminiscent of Proverbs 26:12, which warns about the danger of being wise in one's own eyes. The Pharisees' claim contrasts with the humility required to truly understand spiritual truths, as seen in Matthew 5:3, where Jesus blesses the poor in spirit.

your guilt remains.”
Jesus concludes by stating that their guilt remains because they refuse to acknowledge their spiritual blindness. This is a direct indictment of their hypocrisy and rejection of Jesus as the Light of the World (John 8:12). The concept of remaining in guilt is tied to the idea of unrepentance and hardness of heart, as seen in Hebrews 3:12-13. The Pharisees' persistent unbelief and rejection of Jesus' message leave them in a state of condemnation, as highlighted in John 3:19-20, where people love darkness rather than light because their deeds are evil.