Topical Bible: Kings: Conspiracies Against: Absalom Against David

◄ Kings: Conspiracies Against: Absalom Against David ►

Topical Encyclopedia

The conspiracy of Absalom against his father, King David, is a significant event in the history of Israel, illustrating themes of rebellion, ambition, and divine sovereignty. This episode is primarily recorded in 2 Samuel 15-18.

Background and Motivation

Absalom was the third son of David, known for his striking appearance and charisma (2 Samuel 14:25). Despite his favored status, Absalom harbored resentment towards his father, partly due to David's handling of the incident involving Amnon and Tamar, Absalom's sister (2 Samuel 13). This familial tension set the stage for Absalom's rebellion.

The Conspiracy Begins

Absalom's conspiracy was meticulously planned. He began by currying favor with the people of Israel. "He would get up early and stand beside the road leading to the city gate. Whenever anyone had a grievance to bring before the king for judgment, Absalom would call out to him, 'What city are you from?' If he replied, 'Your servant is from one of the tribes of Israel,' Absalom would say, 'Look, your claims are good and right, but the king has no deputy to hear you.'" (2 Samuel 15:2-3). By doing this, Absalom subtly undermined David's authority and won the hearts of the Israelites (2 Samuel 15:6).

The Declaration of Kingship

After four years, Absalom asked David for permission to go to Hebron under the pretense of fulfilling a vow to the LORD. Once there, he declared himself king. "Then Absalom sent spies throughout the tribes of Israel with this message: 'When you hear the sound of the horn, you are to say, "Absalom reigns in Hebron!"'" (2 Samuel 15:10). Absalom's declaration was supported by Ahithophel, David's counselor, whose advice was highly esteemed (2 Samuel 16:23).

David's Flight and Strategic Response

Upon hearing of Absalom's conspiracy, David chose to flee Jerusalem to avoid bloodshed and to regroup. "Then David said to all his officials who were with him in Jerusalem, 'Come, we must flee, or none of us will escape from Absalom. We must leave immediately, or he will move quickly to overtake us and bring ruin upon us and put the city to the sword.'" (2 Samuel 15:14). David's departure was marked by loyalty from some, including Ittai the Gittite and the priests Zadok and Abiathar, who brought the Ark of the Covenant with them (2 Samuel 15:19-29).

The Battle and Absalom's Demise

The conflict culminated in the forest of Ephraim, where David's forces, led by Joab, clashed with Absalom's army. Despite David's explicit instructions to "deal gently with the young man Absalom for my sake" (2 Samuel 18:5), Absalom was killed by Joab after becoming entangled in an oak tree (2 Samuel 18:9-15). His death marked the end of the rebellion and a poignant moment of grief for David, who mourned deeply for his son (2 Samuel 18:33).

Theological Implications

Absalom's conspiracy against David serves as a narrative of divine justice and the consequences of sin. David's earlier transgressions, particularly his sin with Bathsheba, had set a precedent of familial strife as prophesied by Nathan (2 Samuel 12:10-12). The rebellion also highlights the sovereignty of God in maintaining His chosen king despite human schemes. David's reliance on God during this crisis is evident in his psalms and prayers, reflecting a heart that, despite its failings, sought after God's will.

Torrey's Topical Textbook

2 Samuel 15:10
But Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, As soon as you hear the sound of the trumpet, then you shall say, Absalom reigns in Hebron.
Torrey's Topical Textbook