Definition and Identity

The term "God's People" refers to those individuals and communities who are chosen, called, and set apart by God for His purposes. This concept is deeply rooted in the biblical narrative, beginning with the nation of Israel and extending to the Church in the New Testament. God's people are characterized by their covenant relationship with Him, their commitment to His commandments, and their role as witnesses to His glory and truth in the world.

Old Testament Context

In the Old Testament, God's people are primarily identified as the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, known collectively as the Israelites. God established a covenant with Abraham, promising to make his descendants a great nation (Genesis 12:2-3). This covenant was reaffirmed with Isaac and Jacob, and it was through Moses that God delivered the Israelites from slavery in Egypt, forming them into a nation at Mount Sinai. Here, God declared, "Now if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, you will be My treasured possession out of all the nations—for the whole earth is Mine" (Exodus 19:5).

The Israelites were given the Law, which set them apart as a holy nation and a kingdom of priests (Exodus 19:6). They were called to live according to God's statutes and to be a light to the nations, demonstrating the righteousness and justice of God (Deuteronomy 4:6-8).

Prophetic Hope

Throughout the Old Testament, the prophets spoke of a remnant of Israel that would remain faithful to God despite widespread apostasy. This remnant would be preserved and restored, serving as the foundation for God's future plans (Isaiah 10:20-22). The prophets also foretold a time when God's people would include not only the Israelites but also Gentiles who would come to worship the God of Israel (Isaiah 56:6-8).

New Testament Fulfillment

In the New Testament, the concept of God's people expands to include all who believe in Jesus Christ, both Jew and Gentile. The Apostle Paul writes, "For you are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus" (Galatians 3:26). The Church, composed of believers from every nation, is described as "a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession" (1 Peter 2:9). This new identity is based on faith in Christ and the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, rather than ethnic or cultural heritage.

Covenant Relationship

God's people are bound to Him through the New Covenant, established by the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. This covenant promises forgiveness of sins and a transformed heart, enabling believers to live in obedience to God (Jeremiah 31:31-34; Hebrews 8:10-12). The Church is called to be the body of Christ, united in love and purpose, and to carry out the Great Commission, making disciples of all nations (Matthew 28:19-20).

Eschatological Perspective

The Bible concludes with a vision of God's people in the eschatological future, where they will dwell with Him eternally. Revelation describes a great multitude from every nation, tribe, people, and language standing before the throne of God, worshiping Him (Revelation 7:9-10). This ultimate gathering of God's people fulfills His promise to Abraham that all nations would be blessed through his offspring (Genesis 22:18).

Key Themes

1. Election and Calling: God's people are chosen by His sovereign will and called to fulfill His purposes.
2. Covenant and Law: They are bound to God through covenants, marked by obedience to His commandments.
3. Witness and Mission: God's people are to be a light to the nations, proclaiming His truth and salvation.
4. Unity in Diversity: The Church embodies the unity of God's people, transcending ethnic and cultural boundaries.
5. Hope and Restoration: The prophetic promise of a remnant and the inclusion of Gentiles highlight God's redemptive plan.

Conclusion

The identity and mission of God's people are central to the biblical narrative, reflecting God's desire to establish a community that embodies His character and extends His kingdom on earth. Through faith in Christ, believers are grafted into this spiritual lineage, called to live as His representatives in the world.