Topical Bible: Incense: Receipt for Mixing

◄ Incense: Receipt for Mixing ►

Topical Encyclopedia

In the biblical context, incense holds significant spiritual and ceremonial importance, particularly in the worship practices of ancient Israel. The specific receipt for mixing incense is detailed in the Old Testament, where it is described as a sacred formula given by God to Moses for use in the Tabernacle.

Biblical Reference:

The primary biblical reference for the receipt of incense is found in the Book of Exodus. The Lord commands Moses regarding the composition and use of incense in Exodus 30:34-38 :

"Then the LORD said to Moses, 'Take fragrant spices—gum resin, onycha, and galbanum—and pure frankincense, all in equal measures, and make a fragrant blend of incense, the work of a perfumer, seasoned with salt, pure and holy. Grind some of it into fine powder and place it in front of the Testimony in the Tent of Meeting, where I will meet with you. It shall be most holy to you. You are never to use this formula to make incense for yourselves; you shall regard it as holy to the LORD. Anyone who makes something like it to enjoy its fragrance shall be cut off from his people.'"

Components of the Incense:

1. Gum Resin (Stacte): This is often identified as a natural aromatic gum or resin, possibly myrrh, which was valued for its fragrance and used in various religious and medicinal applications.

2. Onycha: The exact nature of onycha is debated, but it is traditionally understood to be a substance derived from the operculum of certain mollusks, contributing a unique scent to the incense.

3. Galbanum: A resin with a strong, earthy aroma, galbanum was used in ancient times for its medicinal properties and as a fixative in perfumes.

4. Pure Frankincense: A well-known aromatic resin obtained from the Boswellia tree, frankincense was highly prized in ancient times for its sweet, citrusy fragrance and its use in religious rites.

Preparation and Use:

The incense was to be blended by a skilled perfumer, ensuring that the mixture was both pure and holy. The addition of salt was significant, symbolizing purity and preservation. The incense was to be ground into a fine powder, signifying the meticulous care and reverence required in its preparation.

The incense was placed before the Testimony in the Tent of Meeting, indicating its role in the divine-human encounter. It was considered "most holy," underscoring its exclusive use in worship and its sanctity.

Prohibition Against Unauthorized Use:

The Lord explicitly forbade the replication of this incense formula for personal enjoyment. This prohibition highlights the incense's sacred status and the seriousness of maintaining the holiness of worship practices. The penalty for making incense for personal use was severe—being "cut off from his people," indicating excommunication or divine judgment.

Symbolism and Significance:

Incense in the Bible symbolizes prayer and the presence of God. As the smoke ascends, it represents the prayers of the faithful rising to heaven. The specific receipt for mixing incense underscores the importance of approaching God with reverence and obedience, adhering to His prescribed methods of worship.

Torrey's Topical Textbook

Exodus 30:34-36
And the LORD said to Moses, Take to you sweet spices, stacte, and onycha, and galbanum; these sweet spices with pure frankincense: of each shall there be a like weight:
Torrey's Topical Textbook