Strong's Lexicon al: on, upon, over, against, concerning, because of Original Word: עַל Word Origin: A primitive particle Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: - G1909 (ἐπί, epi) – often used in the Septuagint to translate "עַל" and carries similar meanings such as "on," "upon," "over." Usage: The Hebrew preposition "עַל" (al) is a versatile term used extensively in the Old Testament. It primarily denotes a spatial relationship, such as "on" or "upon," but it can also convey a sense of causation or reason, as in "because of" or "concerning." It is often used to indicate physical position, authority, or responsibility. Cultural and Historical Background: In ancient Hebrew culture, prepositions like "עַל" were crucial for expressing relationships between objects, people, and concepts. The use of "al" reflects the Hebrew language's concrete nature, often tying abstract ideas to physical realities. Understanding its usage provides insight into the worldview of the ancient Israelites, where physical and spiritual realms were closely intertwined. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origin(Aramaic) corresponding to al Definition upon, over, above NASB Translation about (3), account (1), against (6), among (1), around (3), concerning (7), disregarded* (1), more (1), over (15), reason* (1), than* (1), therefore* (2), toward (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs עַל preposition upon, over, on account of, above, to, against (Biblical Hebrew and General Aramaic id.); — suffix 1 singular עֲלַי; 2 masculine singular עליך Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, CookeNo. 77, A 5, 6, B 8, S-CPap. A 3, B 5 +), עֲלָךְ, Qr (ᵑ7 עֲלַךְ, Dalm§ 47, 2) Daniel 3:12 6t. Daniel; Ezra 7:18; 3masculine singular עֲלוֺהִי (so Nabataean, Palmyrene; Egyptian Aramaic עלוי S-CA 6 +) Daniel 3:28 +, עֲלֹהִי Ezra 6:11; 3feminine singular עליה Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, S-CD 24), עֲלַהּ Qr (so ᵑ7) Daniel 4:14; Daniel 5:21; 1plural עֲלֵינָא Ezra 4:12, עֲלֵ֑ינָא Ezra 4:18; Ezra 5:17 Baer (Gi עֲלֶ֑ינָא); 3 masculine plural עֲלֵיהֹם (so Nabataean, CISii. 226; Egyptian Aramaic, S-CPap. F 5, 8+) Ezra 7:24, עֲלֵיהוֺן Ezra 5:1,3; — 1. a. upon, Daniel 2:10,28,46; Daniel 5:5,7; Daniel 6:11 + often, Daniel 4:26 עַלהֵֿיכַל מַלְכוּתָא (2 Samuel 11:2); to be established עַל מַלְכוּתִי 2 Samuel 4:33 (compare 2 Chronicles 1:1; Biblical Hebrew II. 1) to lay an impost upon, Ezra 7:24; to trust on, Daniel 3:28; after a verb of motion, מְטָא עַל to come upon, Daniel 4:21; Daniel 4:25; of times, to pass over, Daniel 4:13; Daniel 4:20; Daniel 4:22; Daniel 4:29; Ezra 5:1 בְּשֻׁם אֱלָהּ יִשְׂרָאֵל עֲלֵיהוֺן i.e. (named) over them. b. idiomatic (as in Biblical Hebrew; see II. 1 d) of the person who is the subject of an emotion or experience, Daniel 5:9 וְזִיוֺתִי שָׁנַיִן עֲלוֺהִי were changed upon him, Daniel 7:28; Daniel 6:19 וְשִׁנְּתֵהּ נַדַּת עֲלוֺהִי (compare Daniel 2:1). c. on accusative of (Biblical Hebrew 1f b), Daniel 3:16 מִּתְגָּם עַלדְּֿנָה. So in עַלדְּֿנָה on this accusative Ezra 4:15,22; Ezra 5:17, עַלמָֿה wherefore ? Daniel 2:15; and עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי (see ׳דְּ). d. on behalf of (ib. 1f c), Ezra 6:17. e. regarding, concerning (ib. 1f g), Daniel 2:18; Daniel 5:14,29; Daniel 6:6; Daniel 6:13; Ezra 7:14 #NAME? 2 over, with verbs of ruling, appointing, etc., Daniel 2:48,49; Daniel 3:12; Daniel 4:14 +, Ezra 4:20; Ezra 6:18. 3 in a comparative sense, above, beyond, Daniel 3:19; Daniel 6:4. 4 expressing direction: a. to, of a person, after a verb of motion (compare Biblical Hebrew 7c a a), Daniel 2:24; Daniel 4:31; Daniel 4:33; Daniel 6:7; Daniel 6:16; Ezra 4:12,23 + often; after to send (a letter, etc.) Ezra 4:11,17,18; Ezra 5:6 +, write Ezra 4:7, prophesy Ezra 5:1; of the direction of the mind (ib. 7c c), Daniel 3:12; Daniel 6:14 (twice in verse); Daniel 6:15; compare Ezra 5:5 הֲוַת עַל ׳וְעֵין אֱל (compare Jeremiah 40:4 and אֶל Psalm 34:16). b. against, Daniel 3:19,29; Daniel 5:23; Daniel 6:5; Daniel 6:6 +; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 7:23. 5 in such phrases as שְׁפַר עַל, טְאֵב (to be) good or acceptable to (as in Syriac and late Hebrew: see Biblical Hebrew 8), Ezra 5:17 אִם עַל מַלְכָּא טָב, Ezra 7:18 (twice in verse); Daniel 4:24 (יִשְׁמַּר), Daniel 6:15 (בְּאֵשׁ), Daniel 6:24 (טְאֵב). — compare the synopsis of meanings in Lzb340. Strong's Exhaustive Concordance about, upon, into, why with (Aramaic) corresponding to al -- about, against, concerning, for, (there-)fore, from, in, X more, of, (there-, up-)on, (in-)to, + why with. see HEBREW al Forms and Transliterations וְעַ֣ל וְעַ֧ל וְעַל־ ועל ועל־ עֲל֑וֹהִי עֲל֔וֹהִי עֲל֖וֹהִי עֲלֵיה֜וֹן עֲלֵיהֹֽם׃ עֲלֵיהֽוֹן׃ עֲלֶ֑ינָא עֲלֶ֥ינָא עֲלֶֽינָא׃ עֲלַ֔י עֲלַ֗י עֲלַ֣י עֲלֹ֑הִי עֲלֽוֹהִי׃ עַ֖ל עַ֛ל עַ֣ל עַ֤ל עַ֨ל־ עַֽל־ עַל־ על על־ עלהי עלוהי עלוהי׃ עלי עליהון עליהון׃ עליהם׃ עלינא עלינא׃ ‘ă·lay ‘ă·lê·hō·wn ‘ă·lê·hōm ‘ă·le·nā ‘ă·lō·hî ‘ă·lō·w·hî ‘al ‘al- ‘ălay ‘ălêhōm ‘ălêhōwn ‘ălenā ‘ălōhî ‘ălōwhî al aLai aleiHom aleiHon aLeina aLohi veal wə‘al wə‘al- wə·‘al wə·‘al-Links Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Ezra 4:8 HEB: אִגְּרָ֥ה חֲדָ֖ה עַל־ יְרוּשְׁלֶ֑ם לְאַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥שְׂתְּא NAS: a letter against Jerusalem KJV: letter against Jerusalem INT: A letter a against Jerusalem Artaxerxes Ezra 4:11 Ezra 4:11 Ezra 4:12 Ezra 4:14 Ezra 4:15 Ezra 4:17 Ezra 4:18 Ezra 4:19 Ezra 4:20 Ezra 4:22 Ezra 4:23 Ezra 5:1 Ezra 5:1 Ezra 5:3 Ezra 5:5 Ezra 5:5 Ezra 5:6 Ezra 5:7 Ezra 5:15 Ezra 5:17 Ezra 5:17 Ezra 5:17 Ezra 6:7 Ezra 6:11 94 Occurrences |
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