Deuteronomy 28:54
New International Version
Even the most gentle and sensitive man among you will have no compassion on his own brother or the wife he loves or his surviving children,

New Living Translation
The most tenderhearted man among you will have no compassion for his own brother, his beloved wife, and his surviving children.

English Standard Version
The man who is the most tender and refined among you will begrudge food to his brother, to the wife he embraces, and to the last of the children whom he has left,

Berean Standard Bible
The most gentle and refined man among you will begrudge his brother, the wife he embraces, and the rest of his children who have survived,

King James Bible
So that the man that is tender among you, and very delicate, his eye shall be evil toward his brother, and toward the wife of his bosom, and toward the remnant of his children which he shall leave:

New King James Version
The sensitive and very refined man among you will be hostile toward his brother, toward the wife of his bosom, and toward the rest of his children whom he leaves behind,

New American Standard Bible
The man who is refined and very delicate among you will be hostile toward his brother, toward the wife he cherishes, and toward the rest of his children who are left,

NASB 1995
“The man who is refined and very delicate among you shall be hostile toward his brother and toward the wife he cherishes and toward the rest of his children who remain,

NASB 1977
“The man who is refined and very delicate among you shall be hostile toward his brother and toward the wife he cherishes and toward the rest of his children who remain,

Legacy Standard Bible
The man who is refined and very delicate among you shall be hostile toward his brother and toward the wife he cherishes and toward the rest of his children who remain,

Amplified Bible
The man who is most refined and well-bred among you will be cruel and hostile toward his brother and toward the wife he cherishes and toward the rest of his children who remain,

Christian Standard Bible
The most sensitive and refined man among you will look grudgingly at his brother, the wife he embraces, and the rest of his children,

Holman Christian Standard Bible
The most sensitive and refined man among you will look grudgingly at his brother, the wife he embraces, and the rest of his children,

American Standard Version
The man that is tender among you, and very delicate, his eye shall be evil toward his brother, and toward the wife of his bosom, and toward the remnant of his children whom he hath remaining;

English Revised Version
The man that is tender among you, and very delicate, his eye shall be evil toward his brother, and toward the wife of his bosom, and toward the remnant of his children which he hath remaining:

GOD'S WORD® Translation
Even the most tender and sensitive man among you will become stingy toward his brother, the wife he loves, and the children he still has left.

International Standard Version
Even the compassionate man among you—the very sensitive one—will look with evil in his eyes toward his brother, his beloved wife, and his surviving sons, whom he spared.

Majority Standard Bible
The most gentle and refined man among you will begrudge his brother, the wife he embraces, and the rest of his children who have survived,

NET Bible
The man among you who is by nature tender and sensitive will turn against his brother, his beloved wife, and his remaining children.

New Heart English Bible
The man who is tender among you, and very delicate, his eye shall be evil toward his brother, and toward the wife of his bosom, and toward the remnant of his children whom he has remaining;

Webster's Bible Translation
So that the man that is tender among you, and very delicate, his eye shall be evil towards his brother, and towards the wife of his bosom, and towards the remnant of his children whom he shall leave:

World English Bible
The man who is tender among you, and very delicate, his eye will be evil toward his brother, toward the wife whom he loves, and toward the remnant of his children whom he has remaining,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
The man who is tender in you, and who [is] very delicate—his eye is evil against his brother, and against the wife of his bosom, and against the remnant of his sons whom he leaves,

Young's Literal Translation
The man who is tender in thee, and who is very delicate -- his eye is evil against his brother, and against the wife of his bosom, and against the remnant of his sons whom he leaveth,

Smith's Literal Translation
The man tender in thee, and very delicate, his eye shall be evil upon his brother, and upon the wife of his bosom, and upon the remainder of his sons which he shall leave:
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
The man that is nice among you, and very delicate, shall envy his own brother, and his wife, that lieth in his bosom,

Catholic Public Domain Version
The man who is pampered and very self-indulgent among you will vie with his own brother, and with the wife who lies at his bosom,

New American Bible
The most refined and fastidious man among you will begrudge his brother and his beloved wife and his surviving children,

New Revised Standard Version
Even the most refined and gentle of men among you will begrudge food to his own brother, to the wife whom he embraces, and to the last of his remaining children,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
So that the man who abounds in delights among you and lives a luxurious life, his eye shall be evil toward his brother and toward his lawful wife and toward the remnant of his children that are left;

Peshitta Holy Bible Translated
A man who feasts among you and lives in luxury among you, his eye shall stare at his brother and at the wife of his covenant and the remnant of his children who are left:
OT Translations
JPS Tanakh 1917
The man that is tender among you, and very delicate, his eye shall be evil against his brother, and against the wife of his bosom, and against the remnant of his children whom he hath remaining;

Brenton Septuagint Translation
He that is tender and very delicate within thee shall look with an evil eye upon his brother, and the wife in his bosom, and the children that are left, which may have been left to him;

Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible



Context
The Curses of Disobedience
53Then you will eat the fruit of your womb, the flesh of the sons and daughters whom the LORD your God has given you, in the siege and distress that your enemy will inflict on you. 54The most gentle and refined man among you will begrudge his brother, the wife he embraces, and the rest of his children who have survived, 55refusing to share with any of them the flesh of his children he will eat because he has nothing left in the siege and distress that your enemy will inflict on you within all your gates.…

Cross References
2 Kings 6:28-29
Then the king asked her, “What is the matter?” And she answered, “This woman said to me, ‘Give up your son, that we may eat him, and tomorrow we will eat my son.’ / So we boiled my son and ate him, and the next day I said to her, ‘Give up your son, that we may eat him.’ But she had hidden her son.”

Lamentations 4:10
The hands of compassionate women have cooked their own children, who became their food in the destruction of the daughter of my people.

Jeremiah 19:9
I will make them eat the flesh of their sons and daughters, and they will eat one another’s flesh in the siege and distress inflicted on them by their enemies who seek their lives.’

Leviticus 26:29
You will eat the flesh of your own sons and daughters.

Ezekiel 5:10
As a result, fathers among you will eat their sons, and sons will eat their fathers. I will execute judgments against you and scatter all your remnant to every wind.’

Isaiah 49:26
I will make your oppressors eat their own flesh; they will be drunk on their own blood, as with wine. Then all mankind will know that I, the LORD, am your Savior and your Redeemer, the Mighty One of Jacob.”

2 Kings 6:25
So there was a great famine in Samaria. Indeed, they besieged the city so long that a donkey’s head sold for eighty shekels of silver, and a quarter cab of dove’s dung sold for five shekels of silver.

2 Kings 25:3
By the ninth day of the fourth month, the famine in the city was so severe that the people of the land had no food.

Jeremiah 52:6
By the ninth day of the fourth month, the famine in the city was so severe that the people of the land had no food.

Matthew 24:19
How miserable those days will be for pregnant and nursing mothers!

Luke 21:23
How miserable those days will be for pregnant and nursing mothers! For there will be great distress upon the land and wrath against this people.

Mark 13:17
How miserable those days will be for pregnant and nursing mothers!

Matthew 24:7
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines and earthquakes in various places.

Luke 19:43
For the days will come upon you when your enemies will barricade you and surround you and hem you in on every side.

Revelation 6:8
Then I looked and saw a pale green horse. Its rider’s name was Death, and Hades followed close behind. And they were given authority over a fourth of the earth, to kill by sword, by famine, by plague, and by the beasts of the earth.


Treasury of Scripture

So that the man that is tender among you, and very delicate, his eye shall be evil toward his brother, and toward the wife of his bosom, and toward the remnant of his children which he shall leave:

his eye

Deuteronomy 15:9
Beware that there be not a thought in thy wicked heart, saying, The seventh year, the year of release, is at hand; and thine eye be evil against thy poor brother, and thou givest him nought; and he cry unto the LORD against thee, and it be sin unto thee.

Proverbs 23:6
Eat thou not the bread of him that hath an evil eye, neither desire thou his dainty meats:

Proverbs 28:22
He that hasteth to be rich hath an evil eye, and considereth not that poverty shall come upon him.

Deuteronomy 13:6
If thy brother, the son of thy mother, or thy son, or thy daughter, or the wife of thy bosom, or thy friend, which is as thine own soul, entice thee secretly, saying, Let us go and serve other gods, which thou hast not known, thou, nor thy fathers;

2 Samuel 12:3
But the poor man had nothing, save one little ewe lamb, which he had bought and nourished up: and it grew up together with him, and with his children; it did eat of his own meat, and drank of his own cup, and lay in his bosom, and was unto him as a daughter.

Micah 7:5
Trust ye not in a friend, put ye not confidence in a guide: keep the doors of thy mouth from her that lieth in thy bosom.

his children

Psalm 103:13
Like as a father pitieth his children, so the LORD pitieth them that fear him.

Isaiah 49:15
Can a woman forget her sucking child, that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? yea, they may forget, yet will I not forget thee.

Matthew 7:9-11
Or what man is there of you, whom if his son ask bread, will he give him a stone? …

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Bosom Bred Cherishes Children Comfort Compassion Cruel Dear Delicate Delicately Evil Eye Hard Hostile Leave Luxurious Midst Refined Remaining Remnant Residue Rest Soft Surviving Tender Towards Used Wife
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Bosom Bred Cherishes Children Comfort Compassion Cruel Dear Delicate Delicately Evil Eye Hard Hostile Leave Luxurious Midst Refined Remaining Remnant Residue Rest Soft Surviving Tender Towards Used Wife
Deuteronomy 28
1. The blessings for obedience
15. The curses for disobedience














The most gentle and refined man among you
This phrase highlights a man of exceptional character, known for his gentleness and refinement. In Hebrew, the word for "gentle" is "rak," which conveys softness or tenderness. Historically, this description would be of someone who is compassionate and considerate, traits highly valued in ancient Israelite society. The use of "refined" suggests a person of cultured manners and moral integrity. This sets a stark contrast to the behavior described later in the verse, emphasizing the severity of the situation that would lead such a man to act out of character.

will begrudge
The Hebrew root for "begrudge" is "ayin ra'ah," which literally means "evil eye." This expression is used to describe envy or jealousy. In the context of Deuteronomy 28, it signifies a drastic change in behavior due to extreme circumstances. The idea of a "begrudging" attitude reflects a heart turned inward, focusing on self-preservation rather than the well-being of others. This transformation is a result of the curses outlined in the chapter, illustrating the depth of desperation and moral decline.

his brother
The term "brother" in Hebrew is "ach," which can refer to a biological sibling or a fellow Israelite. This familial language underscores the closeness of relationships that are being strained or broken. In the context of the covenant community, "brother" signifies unity and shared identity. The fact that even such close bonds are affected highlights the profound impact of the curses, as they disrupt the very fabric of communal and familial life.

the wife he embraces
The phrase "the wife he embraces" uses the Hebrew word "cheq," meaning "bosom" or "embrace," which conveys intimacy and affection. This imagery of a husband and wife relationship is one of the most sacred and cherished bonds in biblical culture. The disruption of this relationship due to external pressures is a powerful illustration of the breakdown of social and personal order. It serves as a warning of the consequences of disobedience to God's commandments, as outlined in the preceding chapters.

and the rest of his children
The mention of "the rest of his children" indicates the broader impact of the curses on the family unit. In Hebrew, "children" is "ben," which can also mean "sons" or "descendants." The family is a central institution in Israelite society, and its disintegration is a sign of societal collapse. This phrase emphasizes the comprehensive nature of the calamity, affecting not just the individual but his entire lineage. It serves as a sobering reminder of the far-reaching consequences of turning away from God's covenant.

Parallel Commentaries ...


Hebrew
The most
מְאֹ֑ד (mə·’ōḏ)
Adverb
Strong's 3966: Vehemence, vehemently, wholly, speedily

gentle
הָרַ֣ךְ (hā·raḵ)
Article | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 7390: Tender, delicate, soft

and refined
וְהֶעָנֹ֖ג (wə·he·‘ā·nōḡ)
Conjunctive waw, Article | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 6028: Luxurious

man
הָאִישׁ֙ (hā·’îš)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

among you
בְּךָ֔ (bə·ḵā)
Preposition | second person masculine singular
Strong's Hebrew

will begrudge
תֵּרַ֨ע (tê·ra‘)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 7489: To spoil, to make, good for, nothing, bad

his brother,
בְאָחִיו֙ (ḇə·’ā·ḥîw)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 251: A brother, )

the wife
וּבְאֵ֣שֶׁת (ū·ḇə·’ê·šeṯ)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

he embraces,
חֵיק֔וֹ (ḥê·qōw)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 2436: The bosom

and the rest
וּבְיֶ֥תֶר (ū·ḇə·ye·ṯer)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3499: An overhanging, an excess, superiority, remainder, a small rope

of his children
בָּנָ֖יו (bā·nāw)
Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 1121: A son

who have survived,
יוֹתִֽיר׃ (yō·w·ṯîr)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3498: To jut over, exceed, to excel, to remain, be left, to leave, cause to abound, preserve


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OT Law: Deuteronomy 28:54 The man who is tender among you (Deut. De Du)
Deuteronomy 28:53
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