Berean Study Bible The Defeat of OgIsrael moved northward into Bashan, a fertile and well-defended region east of the Jordan. Their advance followed God’s command to take the land promised to their fathers and continued the campaign begun with the defeat of Sihon. Num 21:33 Then they turned and went up the road to Bashan,… and Og king of Bashan and his whole army came out to meet us in battle at Edrei. Og ruled a powerful kingdom centered in fortified cities, and his army met Israel at Edrei to resist their approach. As one of the remaining Rephaim, Og represented a formidable enemy, yet Israel’s success depended on the Lord, who had already given them victory over Sihon. Num 21:34-35 But the LORD said to Moses, “Do not fear him,”… But the LORD said to me, God spoke directly to Moses as Israel prepared to face Og, showing that the coming battle was governed by His command rather than Israel’s own judgment. Num 21:34 But the LORD said to Moses, “Do not fear him,”… “Do not fear him, Og ruled Bashan, a strong and fertile region east of the Jordan, and his power could have intimidated Israel. God removed the basis for fear by declaring His purpose beforehand. Deu 1:29-30 So I said to you: “Do not be terrified or afraid of them!… for I have delivered him into your hand, The victory was certain because God had already determined the outcome. Israel would fight, but the defeat of Og would be the Lord’s work. Deu 2:31 Then the LORD said to me, “See, I have begun… along with all his people and his land. Og’s kingdom, army, cities, and territory would pass from his control to Israel. The conquest of Bashan further secured Israel’s possession of the land east of the Jordan. Deu 2:33-34 And the LORD our God delivered him over to us,… Do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, The earlier defeat of Sihon had demonstrated God’s power over the Amorite kings and established the pattern for Israel’s advance. Og’s defeat would be equally complete. Num 21:23-24 But Sihon would not let Israel pass through his territory.… who lived in Heshbon.” Heshbon had been Sihon’s royal city and the center of his rule. Its capture marked the fall of his kingdom, just as the defeat of Og would bring Bashan under Israel’s control. Num 21:25-26 Israel captured all the cities of the Amorites… So the LORD our God also delivered Israel’s victory over Sihon was followed by God’s defeat of another powerful Amorite ruler. The conquest was not attributed to Israel’s strength but to the LORD, who was giving His people the land east of the Jordan as He had promised. Deu 2:33-34 And the LORD our God delivered him over to us,… Og king of Bashan Og ruled Bashan, a fertile and heavily fortified region north of the Arnon. He was among the last of the Rephaim, remembered as a people of unusual size and strength. His kingdom and military power made him a formidable enemy, yet neither could prevent Israel’s advance under God’s direction. Jos 12:4-5 And Og king of Bashan, one of the remnant of the Rephaim… and his whole army into our hands. Og’s defeat included the full force of Bashan’s military. Israel gained control of the region because the LORD placed its king, army, cities, and territory within their reach. Deu 2:36 Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along with the city… We struck them down until no survivor was left. Og’s army was placed under complete destruction, removing a hostile power from the land Israel was to possess. The judgment also prevented the continued influence of the idolatrous peoples who opposed God’s purposes for Israel. Num 21:35 So they struck down Og, along with his whole army… At that time we captured all sixty of his cities. Under Moses’ leadership, Israel defeated Og and took every city in his realm. The victory demonstrated that the Lord had given His people power over a formidable enemy and was fulfilling His promise to give them the land. Jos 13:30 The territory from Mahanaim through all Bashan… There was not a single city we failed to take— Og’s fortified cities could not withstand Israel because God fought for them. The complete conquest showed that no part of Og’s territory remained beyond Israel’s reach. Deu 2:36 Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along with the city… the entire region of Argob, Argob was a productive, heavily defended district of Bashan with numerous settled cities. Its capture secured an important portion of the territory east of the Jordan. 1Ki 4:13 Ben-geber in Ramoth-gilead (the villages of Jair… the kingdom of Og in Bashan. Og ruled a powerful kingdom in a fertile land known for its strong cities and rich pastures. His defeat removed one of Israel’s greatest threats and placed Bashan under Israelite control. Psa 135:10-11 He struck down many nations and slaughtered mighty kings:… All these cities were fortified with high walls Bashan contained established towns protected by substantial defenses under Og’s rule. Israel’s victory over such strongholds showed that the land was taken by the Lord’s help, not by Israel’s military strength. Num 13:28 Nevertheless, the people living in the land are strong,… and gates and bars, The cities were equipped to control entry and withstand attack, making their capture a decisive defeat of Og’s kingdom and its defenses. 2Ch 8:5 He rebuilt Upper and Lower Beth-horon as fortified cities… and there were many more unwalled villages. Beyond the fortified centers, Bashan included numerous smaller settlements. Israel’s conquest extended throughout the region, securing the territory east of the Jordan for the tribes who would settle there. Ezk 38:11 You will say, ‘I will go up against a land… We devoted them to destruction, Israel carried out God’s judgment against the Amorite cities of Bashan, setting apart their inhabitants and possessions under herem, meaning devotion to God by complete destruction. Their persistent idolatry and wickedness had brought them under divine judgment, and Israel was not permitted to preserve what God had condemned. Deu 20:17 For you must devote them to complete destruction… as we had done to Sihon king of Heshbon, The defeat of Sihon had already demonstrated that the Lord was giving Israel victory over the Amorite kingdoms east of the Jordan. Og’s kingdom faced the same judgment, confirming that no opposing king or fortified city could prevent God from fulfilling His promise to give the land to Israel. Num 21:24-25 And Israel put him to the sword and took possession… utterly destroying the men, women, and children of every city. The destruction was comprehensive, leaving no surviving population to draw Israel into the worship and practices of the surrounding nations. It also revealed the seriousness of rebellion against God and the holiness required of the people He had chosen. Deu 2:34 At that time we captured all his cities… But all the livestock The herds provided food, clothing, transportation, and labor for Israel as the people prepared to settle east of the Jordan. Jos 8:27 Israel took for themselves only the cattle and plunder… and plunder of the cities The plunder, goods and valuables taken from the conquered cities, supplied the nation and marked the defeat of Og’s kingdom under God’s judgment. Deu 2:35 We carried off only the livestock and the plunder… we carried off for ourselves. Israel received these resources as part of the land and wealth God gave them through the victory. Jos 8:2 And you shall do to Ai and its king as you did to Jericho… At that time Israel had defeated Sihon of Heshbon and Og of Bashan during the final stage of Moses’ leadership east of the Jordan. These victories prepared the nation for its entry into Canaan and showed that the Lord was giving Israel the land He had promised. Deu 1:9 At that time I said to you, “I cannot carry the burden… we took from the two kings of the Amorites Sihon and Og controlled substantial territories east of the Jordan. Their defeat removed powerful opposition and placed their lands under Israelite rule. Num 21:24-26 And Israel put him to the sword and took possession… the land across the Jordan, The conquered region lay east of the Jordan River and was later assigned to Reuben, Gad, and half the tribe of Manasseh. It became Israel’s first settled territory before the western conquest began. Num 32:33 So Moses gave to the Gadites, to the Reubenites… from the Arnon Valley The Arnon marked the southern boundary of the territory taken from Sihon, separating it from Moab. Num 21:13-15 From there they moved on and camped on the other side… as far as Mount Hermon— Mount Hermon marked the northern extent of the land taken from Og. The broad territory between these boundaries included fertile plains, cities, and pastureland suitable for Israel’s tribes. Deu 4:48-49 extending from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley… which the Sidonians call Sirion Sidon was a leading Phoenician city on the Mediterranean coast, and its people were known for maritime trade and regional influence. Their name for Mount Hermon reflects the presence of distinct peoples around Israel’s northern frontier. Hermon marked an important boundary region within the land God gave Israel. Psa 29:6 He makes Lebanon skip like a calf, and Sirion like a young… but the Amorites call Senir— The Amorites, among the principal inhabitants of Canaan before Israel’s conquest, used another name for the same mountain. The differing names preserve the record of the peoples who occupied and claimed the surrounding territory before it came under Israelite control. 1Ch 5:23 Now the people of the half-tribe of Manasseh… all the cities of the plateau, The plateau, or Mishor, was the elevated tableland east of the Jordan, valued for its fertile fields and open grazing country. It became part of the inheritance of Reuben and Gad. Jos 13:9-10 The area from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley,… all of Gilead, Gilead extended northward through a rugged, productive region marked by forests, pasturelands, and important routes. Its territory was shared by Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, securing Israel’s eastern frontier. Jos 13:24-25 This is what Moses had given to the clans… and all of Bashan Bashan lay north of Gilead and was renowned for its rich pastureland, cattle, and fortified settlements. It had been ruled by Og, whose power and strong cities made the conquest especially notable. Jos 11:16-17 So Joshua took this entire region: the hill country… as far as the cities of Salecah and Edrei Salecah marked Bashan’s southeastern boundary, while Edrei was one of Og’s chief cities and the site of Israel’s decisive victory over him. Together they indicate the full extent of the land taken. Jos 13:11-12 also Gilead and the territory of the Geshurites…… in the kingdom of Og. Og ruled Bashan as one of the remaining Rephaim. His defeat showed that neither fortified cities nor formidable rulers could prevent Israel from receiving the land God had promised. Jos 13:29-31 This is what Moses had given to the clans… (For only Og king of Bashan had remained of the remnant of the Rephaim. Og was among the last surviving Rephaim in the region east of the Jordan. As king of Bashan, he ruled a strong and fortified kingdom, yet he was defeated by Israel as God gave the land to His people. Jos 13:12 the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan, who had reigned… His bed of iron, nine cubits long and four cubits wide, Og’s iron bed measured about thirteen and a half feet long and six feet wide. Its size preserved evidence of his unusual stature and importance, while its iron construction reflected his wealth and power. 1Sa 17:4 Then a champion named Goliath, who was from Gath,… is still in Rabbah of the Ammonites.) The bed remained on display in Rabbah, the Ammonite capital, as a known memorial of Og’s existence and defeat. Its presence in a neighboring city gave visible confirmation of the victory Israel had won over Bashan. 2Sa 12:26-31 Meanwhile, Joab fought against Rabbah of the Ammonites…
Land Division East of the JordanIsrael’s victories over Sihon and Og secured the territory east of the Jordan and marked the end of the wilderness period. God had given this land into Israel’s hand, and the people now began to settle in the inheritance He had promised. Num 21:24-25 And Israel put him to the sword and took possession… To the Reubenites and Gadites I gave the land beyond Aroer along the Arnon Valley, Reuben and Gad received this region because its open pastureland suited their large herds and flocks. Aroer and the Arnon Valley formed an important southern boundary, separating Israel’s territory from Moab. Jos 13:8-9 The other half of Manasseh, along with the Reubenites… and half the hill country of Gilead, The fertile highlands of Gilead provided grazing land, towns, and strategic protection along Israel’s eastern frontier. Its division among the tribes established an inhabited border against peoples farther east. Jos 13:24-28 This is what Moses had given to the clans… along with its cities. The captured towns gave Reuben and Gad established places to live, govern, and cultivate. Israel’s possession of these cities began the permanent tribal settlement that would continue west of the Jordan. Num 32:34-38 And the Gadites built up Dibon, Ataroth, Aroer,… To the half-tribe of Manasseh Manasseh, Joseph’s older son, received an inheritance east of the Jordan alongside the tribes of Reuben and Gad. Because Jacob had adopted Ephraim and Manasseh as his own sons, Joseph received a double inheritance in Israel through his two sons. Jos 13:29 This is what Moses had given to the clans… I gave the rest of Gilead The northern portion of Gilead was assigned to Manasseh. Its productive land, pasture country, and position east of the Jordan made it a valuable and defensible territory. Num 32:39-40 The descendants of Machir son of Manasseh went to Gilead,… and all of Bashan, the kingdom of Og. Bashan had belonged to Og, the powerful Amorite king defeated by Israel. Its fertile plains and strong cities became part of Manasseh’s inheritance after the Lord gave Israel victory over Og and his army. Jos 13:12 the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan, who had reigned… (The entire region of Argob, Argob was a district of Bashan containing many fortified settlements. Its capture showed that Israel possessed not merely open land but cities and established territory formerly held by a formidable people. Jos 13:30 The territory from Mahanaim through all Bashan… the whole territory of Bashan, The grant included all of Bashan, extending Manasseh’s territory across a broad and fertile region east of the Jordan. Jos 13:11 also Gilead and the territory of the Geshurites…… used to be called the land of the Rephaim.) The Rephaim were remembered as men of unusual size and strength, and Og was among their last notable rulers. Their former land testified to Israel’s victory over enemies who appeared beyond human ability to defeat. Gen 14:5 In the fourteenth year, Chedorlaomer and the kings allied… Jair, a descendant of Manasseh, Jair belonged to the tribe that received extensive territory on both sides of the Jordan. His family held land in the eastern half of Manasseh, where Israel had defeated Sihon and Og before entering Canaan proper. 1Ch 2:21-22 Later, Hezron slept with the daughter of Machir… took the whole region of Argob Argob lay in Bashan, a productive plateau marked by strongholds and pastureland. Jair’s possession of the area extended Israel’s control over territory formerly ruled by Og, king of Bashan. 1Ki 4:13 Ben-geber in Ramoth-gilead (the villages of Jair… as far as the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites. These peoples lived along the northern and northeastern edges of Israel’s Transjordan holdings. Jair’s territory reached to their borders, marking the limits of his settlements rather than indicating that their lands were absorbed into Israel. Jos 12:4-5 And Og king of Bashan, one of the remnant of the Rephaim… He renamed Bashan after himself, Havvoth-jair, Jair established villages throughout the region and gave them the name Havvoth-jair, meaning “villages of Jair.” The name preserved his connection with the land and identified the settlements as part of Manasseh’s inheritance. Num 32:41 Jair, a descendant of Manasseh… by which it is called to this day. The continued use of the name showed that Jair’s settlements remained known by his name long after the original conquest. Jdg 10:4 He had thirty sons who rode on thirty donkeys.… To Machir Machir, the firstborn of Manasseh, was the leading clan of the eastern half-tribe of Manasseh. His descendants had taken territory in Gilead during Israel’s victories over the Amorites. Num 32:40 So Moses gave Gilead to the clan of Machir son of Manasseh… I gave Moses formally assigned the land under God’s direction, confirming the inheritance granted to Machir’s descendants. Num 32:33 So Moses gave to the Gadites, to the Reubenites… Gilead, Gilead lay east of the Jordan and included fertile pastureland and strategic highlands. Its assignment fulfilled God’s provision for the tribes of Joseph as Israel prepared to enter Canaan. Num 32:39 The descendants of Machir son of Manasseh went to Gilead,… and to the Reubenites and Gadites Moses assigned this territory to the tribes of Reuben and Gad, who had requested pastureland east of the Jordan for their many livestock. Their inheritance was granted after they pledged to join the other tribes in the conquest of Canaan. Jos 1:12-15 But to the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe… I gave the territory from Gilead Their land included Gilead, a fertile highland region well suited for grazing and strategically positioned east of the Jordan. Num 32:33-38 So Moses gave to the Gadites, to the Reubenites… to the Arnon Valley (the middle of the valley was the border) The Arnon Gorge formed the southern boundary, separating Israel’s territory from Moab and providing a clear natural division. Num 21:13 From there they moved on and camped on the other side… and up to the Jabbok River, The boundary extended northward to the Jabbok, a tributary of the Jordan that marked the edge of the land Israel possessed east of the river. Num 21:24 And Israel put him to the sword and took possession… the border of the Ammonites. Israel’s territory stopped at Ammon’s border, respecting the land God had allotted to the descendants of Lot while establishing the limits of Reuben’s and Gad’s inheritance. Deu 2:19 But when you get close to the Ammonites, … The Jordan River in the Arabah bordered it The Jordan marked the western boundary of the territory assigned to the tribes east of the river. Flowing through the Arabah, the deep rift valley between the Sea of Galilee and the Dead Sea, it formed a natural division between the lands of Bashan and Gilead and the inheritance west of the river. Jos 13:23 And the border of the Reubenites was the bank of the Jordan… from Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea) The boundary extended southward from Chinnereth, later called the Sea of Galilee, to the Salt Sea, or Dead Sea. The Jordan connected the fertile northern lake with the barren waters of the Dead Sea, defining the eastern tribal lands Israel had taken from Sihon and Og. Jos 12:3 as well as the Arabah east of the Sea of Chinnereth… with the slopes of Pisgah to the east. Pisgah rose on the Moabite side of the Dead Sea, overlooking the Jordan Valley and the land of Canaan. From this region Moses later viewed the Promised Land before his death, seeing the inheritance God would give to Israel. Deu 4:49 including all the Arabah on the east side of the Jordan… At that time I commanded you: Moses recalls his instructions to the tribes settling east of the Jordan during his final address to Israel. Before the nation entered Canaan, he reaffirmed the responsibilities God had placed upon every tribe. Deu 1:18 And at that time I commanded you all the things… “The LORD your God has given you this land to possess. Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh had received territory conquered from Sihon and Og. Their inheritance came from the LORD, who was fulfilling His covenant promises to Israel. Deu 31:7 Then Moses called for Joshua and said to him… All your men of valor are to cross over, armed for battle, Although these tribes would leave their families and livestock in the cities east of the Jordan, their fighting men were required to join the western tribes in the conquest. They could not enjoy their inheritance while the rest of Israel remained without theirs. Jos 4:12-13 The Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe… ahead of your brothers, the Israelites. The eastern tribes were to take part in securing the land for the whole nation, demonstrating Israel’s shared duty and unity under God’s command. Jos 1:14 Your wives, your young children, and your livestock… But your wives, your children, and your livestock— Moses allowed the families and herds of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh to remain east of the Jordan while their fighting men joined Israel’s campaign in Canaan. Num 32:24-26 Build cities for your little ones and folds for your flocks,… I know that you have much livestock— Their request for the lands of Gilead and Bashan was based on the region’s suitability for their large herds, which represented both their livelihood and substantial wealth. Num 32:1-5 Now the Reubenites and Gadites, who had very large herds… may remain in the cities I have given you, Israel had conquered these Transjordan cities under God’s direction, and Moses assigned them to these tribes as their inheritance. Their families could remain under protection while the men fulfilled their obligation to help the other tribes take possession of the land west of the Jordan. Num 32:33 So Moses gave to the Gadites, to the Reubenites… until the LORD gives rest to your brothers as He has to you, Israel’s eastern tribes were required to remain with the western tribes until the conquest was complete. Rest meant security from hostile nations and the settled enjoyment of the land God had promised. Their own inheritance east of the Jordan did not release them from responsibility toward the rest of Israel. Jos 1:15 until the LORD gives them rest as He has done for you,… and they too have taken possession of the land The land west of the Jordan was the inheritance assigned to the remaining tribes. Israel’s possession of it would come through God’s power and their obedient participation in the conquest under Joshua’s leadership. Jos 21:43 Thus the LORD gave Israel all the land He had sworn… that the LORD your God is giving them across the Jordan. The land was God’s gift, not merely the result of military success. Crossing the Jordan marked the end of the wilderness generation’s journey and the beginning of Israel’s settlement in Canaan. Deu 11:31 For you are about to cross the Jordan… Then each of you may return to the possession I have given you.” After helping secure the inheritance of their brothers, the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and half of Manasseh could return to their allotted territory east of the Jordan. Their return depended on fulfilling the commitment they had made before the LORD. Jos 22:4 And now that the LORD your God has given your brothers rest… And at that time I commanded Joshua: Moses publicly prepared Joshua to assume leadership as Israel stood ready to enter Canaan. Having served alongside Moses and led Israel in battle, Joshua had witnessed both the demands of leadership and the Lord’s protection of His people. Deu 31:7-8 Then Moses called for Joshua and said to him… “Your own eyes have seen all that the LORD your God has done to these two kings. Joshua and the nation had seen the defeat of Sihon and Og, powerful Amorite rulers east of the Jordan. Their victories were not the result of Israel’s strength but of the LORD’s intervention on their behalf. Num 21:21-35 Then Israel sent messengers to Sihon king of the Amorites,… The LORD will do the same to all the kingdoms you are about to enter. The conquest ahead would involve fortified cities and established peoples, yet the same God who had defeated Sihon and Og would give Israel victory in the land He had promised them. Deu 31:3-6 The LORD your God Himself will cross over ahead of you.… Do not be afraid of them, Moses prepared Israel to face the fortified cities and powerful peoples east and west of the Jordan. Their safety did not rest on superior numbers or military strength, but on the God who had already delivered them from Egypt and defeated their enemies in the wilderness. Deu 20:1 When you go out to war against your enemies… for the LORD your God Himself Israel’s covenant God was not distant from their struggle. He had chosen them, remained faithful to His promises, and would go with them into the land He had given them. Deu 31:8 The LORD Himself goes before you; He will be with you.… will fight for you.” Israel was called to obey and advance, but the victory belonged to the LORD. Their conquest would demonstrate that the land was received by God’s power, not won by human ability. Exo 14:14 The LORD will fight for you; you need only to be still.”
Moses Forbidden to Cross the JordanFollowing Israel’s victories over Sihon and Og and the assignment of land east of the Jordan, Moses turned to God concerning his own future. Deu 9:20 The LORD was angry enough with Aaron to destroy him… I also pleaded He earnestly asked to enter Canaan and see the land promised to Israel. Exo 32:11-14 But Moses sought the favor of the LORD his God, saying,… with the LORD: Moses appealed to Yahweh, the covenant God who had led Israel from Egypt. Though God had forgiven Moses, He upheld the consequence of Moses’ disobedience at Meribah and appointed Joshua to lead the people into the land. Exo 33:12-17 Then Moses said to the LORD, “Look, You have been telling… “O Lord GOD, Moses addresses the sovereign God who rules over heaven and earth and remains faithful to His covenant with Israel. Gen 15:2 But Abram replied, “O Lord GOD, what can You give me?… You have begun to show Your greatness and power Israel had seen God’s power in Egypt, at the Red Sea, in the wilderness, and in victories over Sihon and Og. Yet Moses knew these works did not exhaust God’s might. Exo 9:16 But I have raised you up for this very purpose… to Your servant. Though Israel’s leader, Moses speaks as one under God’s authority, dependent on His mercy and committed to His commands. 2Sa 7:20 What more can David say to You? For You know Your servant… For what god in heaven or on earth No false god, ruler, or power could compare with the God who created all things and governed the nations. 1Ki 8:23 O LORD, God of Israel, there is no God like You in heaven… can perform such works and mighty acts as Yours? God’s acts on Israel’s behalf proved His unmatched power, His judgment against evil, and His faithfulness to the promises He made to His people. Psa 86:8 O Lord, there is none like You among the gods,… Please let me cross over Moses pleaded with the LORD to allow him to enter Canaan after leading Israel through the wilderness. Because he failed to honor God at the waters of Meribah, he would only view the land from a distance. Num 27:12-14 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go up this mountain… and see the good land Canaan was the inheritance God had promised to Abraham’s descendants, a fertile land prepared for Israel after forty years of wandering. Deu 8:7-10 For the LORD your God is bringing you into a good land,… beyond the Jordan— The Jordan marked the boundary between the wilderness journey and Israel’s possession of the land. Joshua would later lead the people across it after Moses’ death. Jos 1:2-4 Moses My servant is dead. Now therefore arise… that pleasant hill country Moses longed to see the fertile central highlands, including the regions that would become central to Israel’s settlement and national life. Deu 11:11-12 But the land that you are crossing the Jordan to possess… as well as Lebanon!” Lebanon’s mountains and cedars represented the northern beauty and abundance of the land God had set before Israel. Jos 1:4 Your territory shall extend from the wilderness and Lebanon… But the LORD was angry with me on account of you, Moses recalls the judgment at Meribah, where Israel’s rebellion provoked him, yet he himself failed to honor God by striking the rock rather than speaking to it as commanded. Israel’s sin was real, but Moses remained accountable for his own disobedience. Deu 4:21 The LORD, however, was angry with me because of you… and He would not listen to me. Moses had pleaded to enter the land, but the Lord upheld His judgment. His unique place as Israel’s leader did not exempt him from discipline. Num 27:12-14 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go up this mountain… “That is enough,” the LORD said to me. God ended Moses’ request with a final decision. Moses would not lead Israel into Canaan; Joshua would succeed him and bring the people into the land God had promised. 2Sa 24:16 But when the angel stretched out his hand… “Do not speak to Me again about this matter. Moses was required to submit to the Lord’s judgment. God’s refusal did not abandon Moses, but it confirmed that His commands and decisions must be honored. Exo 32:10 Now leave Me alone, so that My anger may burn against them… Go to the top of Pisgah From the heights of Pisgah in Moab, east of the Jordan, Moses would look across into the land God had promised to Israel. The place marked the end of his leadership over the wilderness generation. Deu 34:1 Then Moses went up from the plains of Moab to Mount Nebo,… and look to the west and north and south and east. Moses was to survey the full extent of the land Israel would soon receive. The view affirmed God’s covenant promise to give Canaan to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Gen 13:14-15 After Lot had departed, the LORD said to Abram,… See the land with your own eyes, Though Moses would not enter Canaan, God allowed him to witness the land’s fulfillment from afar. After leading Israel through the wilderness, he was permitted to see the goal toward which the nation had traveled. Deu 34:4 And the LORD said to him, “This is the land… for you will not cross this Jordan. Moses’ exclusion from the land followed his disobedience at Meribah, where he failed to honor God before the people. The Jordan remained the boundary between Israel’s wilderness journey and its entrance into the promised inheritance. Deu 4:21-22 The LORD, however, was angry with me because of you… But commission Joshua, Moses is to publicly appoint Joshua as his successor. Having served as Moses’ aide and demonstrated faithfulness in battle and leadership, Joshua is prepared to assume responsibility for Israel. Num 27:18-23 And the LORD replied to Moses, “Take Joshua son of Nun,… encourage him, Joshua faces the formidable task of leading a new generation into Canaan, confronting fortified cities and established nations. He needs assurance that the God who led Israel from Egypt will remain with him. Deu 31:7-8 Then Moses called for Joshua and said to him… and strengthen him, Moses is to prepare Joshua with confidence and resolve for the demands of leadership. His strength must rest not merely in ability or military skill, but in obedience to God’s command. Jos 1:9 Have I not commanded you to be strong and courageous?… for he will cross over ahead of the people Joshua will lead Israel across the Jordan and into the land Moses may only view from afar. The crossing marks the end of Israel’s wilderness wandering and the beginning of the conquest. Deu 31:3 The LORD your God Himself will cross over ahead of you.… and enable them to inherit the land Under Joshua’s leadership, Israel will receive the land promised to Abraham and his descendants. Their inheritance depends upon God’s faithfulness, though they must obey Him and take possession of what He gives. Deu 1:38 Joshua son of Nun, who stands before you, will enter it.… that you will see.” Moses will see the Promised Land but will not enter because of his disobedience at Meribah. Joshua’s appointment confirms that God’s purposes for Israel will continue beyond Moses’ death. Deu 34:4 And the LORD said to him, “This is the land… So we stayed Israel remained in place after the Lord confirmed that Moses would not cross the Jordan. The people waited under Moses’ leadership as Joshua was prepared to lead them into Canaan. Num 25:1 While Israel was staying in Shittim, the men began… in the valley Their camp was in the low country east of the Jordan, where Israel had assembled before entering the land God promised to give them. Deu 4:46 while they were in the valley across the Jordan… opposite Beth-peor. Beth-peor stood in Moab near the site associated with Israel’s sin at Baal-peor. The location reminded the nation of God’s judgment on idolatry as they prepared to take possession of the land. Jos 13:20 Beth-peor, the slopes of Pisgah, and Beth-jeshimoth— This is a draft of the Berean Study Bible. Please send all comments and recommendations to bereanstudybible@aol.com. Bible Hub |
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