Do not let your hearts be troubled.
This phrase is spoken by Jesus to His disciples during the Last Supper, a time of great emotional intensity and impending change. The disciples are aware that Jesus is speaking of His departure, which causes them distress. The command to not let their hearts be troubled is both a comfort and a directive, emphasizing the need for trust and peace amidst uncertainty. This echoes the biblical theme of God as a source of peace, as seen in Isaiah 26:3, which speaks of perfect peace for those who trust in God. The heart, in biblical terms, often represents the center of emotions and will, indicating that Jesus is addressing their deepest fears and anxieties.

You believe in God;
Here, Jesus acknowledges the disciples' faith in God, which is foundational to Jewish belief. This statement connects to the Shema, a central declaration of faith in Judaism found in Deuteronomy 6:4-5, which emphasizes the oneness of God and the call to love Him with all one's heart. The disciples' belief in God is a starting point for deeper faith, and Jesus uses this as a basis to introduce a more profound trust in Himself. This phrase also reflects the continuity of Jesus' teachings with the Old Testament, affirming the monotheistic faith of Israel.

believe in Me as well.
Jesus invites His disciples to extend their faith in God to include faith in Himself, highlighting His divine nature and unity with the Father. This is a pivotal moment in the Gospel of John, where Jesus explicitly calls for belief in Him as essential for salvation and eternal life. This invitation to believe in Jesus is consistent with the purpose of John's Gospel, as stated in John 20:31, which is to lead readers to believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God. The call to believe in Jesus also fulfills Old Testament prophecies about the coming Messiah, such as Isaiah 53, which speaks of a suffering servant who would bring salvation. This belief is not merely intellectual assent but involves trust and reliance on Jesus as the way to the Father, as further elaborated in John 14:6.

In My Father’s house
This phrase refers to heaven, often depicted as God's dwelling place. The concept of God's house is rooted in the Old Testament, where the temple in Jerusalem was considered God's earthly dwelling. Jesus expands this idea to a heavenly realm, indicating a personal relationship with God. The "house" signifies a familial and intimate connection, emphasizing God's role as a Father.

are many rooms.
The term "rooms" suggests ample space and provision for all believers. This imagery contrasts with earthly limitations, highlighting the inclusivity and abundance of God's kingdom. The Greek word used here can also mean "dwelling places" or "abodes," indicating permanence and security. This reflects the promise of eternal life and a personal place for each believer in heaven.

If it were not so,
This phrase underscores the truthfulness and reliability of Jesus' words. It reassures the disciples of the certainty of His promises. In a broader biblical context, it reflects God's faithfulness throughout scripture, as seen in His covenants with figures like Abraham and David.

would I have told you
Jesus appeals to His established trustworthiness and the intimate relationship He shares with His disciples. This rhetorical question emphasizes His role as a truthful teacher and prophet, who reveals divine mysteries to His followers. It also reflects the consistent theme of Jesus preparing His disciples for future events, as seen throughout the Gospels.

that I am going there
This indicates Jesus' impending departure through His death, resurrection, and ascension. It highlights His role as the forerunner and mediator between God and humanity. The "going" signifies His active role in securing salvation and preparing the way for believers to enter God's presence.

to prepare a place for you?
This preparation involves Jesus' sacrificial death and resurrection, which opens the way to eternal life. It reflects the Jewish custom of a bridegroom preparing a home for his bride, symbolizing the church as the bride of Christ. This imagery is consistent with eschatological themes in Revelation, where believers are united with Christ in the heavenly Jerusalem.

And if I go and prepare a place for you
This phrase indicates Jesus' impending departure, which is His ascension to heaven after His resurrection. The "place" He prepares is often understood as heaven, a concept rooted in Jewish eschatology where God’s people would dwell with Him. The preparation implies Jesus' role as a mediator, ensuring believers have a place in the Father's house. This echoes the Jewish custom of a bridegroom preparing a home for his bride, symbolizing the intimate relationship between Christ and the Church.

I will come back
This is a promise of Jesus' second coming, a central tenet of Christian eschatology. It reflects the hope and assurance of Christ's return to fulfill God's redemptive plan. This promise is consistent with Old Testament prophecies and New Testament affirmations, such as in Acts 1:11 and 1 Thessalonians 4:16-17, where the return of Christ is described as a future event that will bring about the consummation of the age.

and welcome you into My presence
The welcoming into His presence signifies the ultimate fellowship with Christ, a restoration of the relationship between God and humanity. This is reminiscent of the High Priest entering the Holy of Holies, symbolizing direct access to God. It also reflects the cultural practice of a host personally receiving guests, emphasizing the personal and relational nature of salvation.

so that you also may be where I am
This phrase underscores the purpose of Jesus' promise: eternal communion with Him. It aligns with the biblical theme of God dwelling with His people, as seen in Revelation 21:3. The assurance of being with Christ eternally is a source of comfort and hope for believers, reinforcing the idea of heaven as a place of eternal fellowship with God.

You know the way
This phrase suggests that Jesus' disciples have been given sufficient knowledge and understanding of His teachings to comprehend the path to eternal life. The "way" refers to the spiritual journey and relationship with God through Jesus Christ. In John 14:6, Jesus explicitly states, "I am the way," indicating that He Himself is the path to salvation. This echoes the Old Testament concept of "the way of the Lord" (Isaiah 40:3), which involves living according to God's commandments and guidance.

to the place
The "place" Jesus refers to is often understood as heaven or the Father's house, as mentioned earlier in John 14:2. This aligns with Jewish eschatological expectations of a future dwelling with God. The imagery of a "place" prepared by Jesus suggests a personal and intimate relationship with God, contrasting with the impersonal nature of pagan afterlife beliefs prevalent in the Greco-Roman world.

where I am going.”
Jesus speaks of His impending departure through His death, resurrection, and ascension. This statement reassures the disciples of His divine mission and the fulfillment of His role as the Messiah. It also connects to the promise of His return, as seen in John 14:3, where He assures them of His coming back to take them to be with Him. This reflects the hope of the Second Coming, a central tenet of Christian eschatology, and ties to prophecies such as Daniel 7:13-14, which speak of the Son of Man's eternal dominion.

"Lord," said Thomas,
Thomas, also known as Didymus, is one of the twelve apostles. He is often remembered for his skepticism, particularly in John 20:24-29, where he doubts Jesus' resurrection until he sees Him. Here, Thomas addresses Jesus as "Lord," acknowledging His authority and divinity. This title reflects the disciples' growing understanding of Jesus' identity, aligning with Peter's confession in Matthew 16:16.

"we do not know where You are going,"
This statement reflects the disciples' confusion about Jesus' teachings regarding His departure. In the context of John 14, Jesus is speaking about His return to the Father, a concept that was difficult for the disciples to grasp. The Jewish expectation of the Messiah was often a political or earthly kingdom, so the idea of Jesus leaving was perplexing. This moment highlights the disciples' limited understanding, which would later be clarified through the Holy Spirit (John 16:13).

"so how can we know the way?"
Thomas's question reveals a desire for clarity and direction. In the Jewish context, "the way" could refer to a path of life or conduct, as seen in Psalm 1:6. Jesus' response in John 14:6, "I am the way," indicates that He Himself is the path to the Father, fulfilling Old Testament prophecies about the Messiah being a guide and shepherd (Isaiah 40:11). This statement also prefigures the early Christian identification as "The Way" (Acts 9:2), emphasizing Jesus as the exclusive means of salvation and access to God.

Jesus answered
This phrase indicates a direct response from Jesus, highlighting His role as a teacher and leader. In the context of John 14, Jesus is addressing His disciples during the Last Supper, providing comfort and instruction before His impending crucifixion. This setting underscores the importance of His words as a source of guidance and assurance.

I am the way
Jesus declares Himself as the exclusive path to God, emphasizing His role as the mediator between humanity and the Father. This statement aligns with the Old Testament imagery of the "way" as a path of righteousness (Psalm 1:6) and echoes the concept of the "way" in Isaiah 35:8, which speaks of a highway of holiness. Jesus fulfills these prophecies by being the embodiment of the path to salvation.

and the truth
In claiming to be the truth, Jesus asserts His identity as the ultimate revelation of God. This connects to the Old Testament understanding of truth as faithfulness and reliability (Psalm 25:5). Jesus, as the Word made flesh (John 1:14), is the full expression of God's truth, contrasting with the deception of the world and the lies of Satan (John 8:44).

and the life
Jesus as the life signifies His power over death and His role as the source of eternal life. This is consistent with His earlier declarations in John 11:25, where He states, "I am the resurrection and the life." The life Jesus offers is not merely physical but spiritual and eternal, fulfilling the promise of abundant life (John 10:10).

No one comes to the Father
This phrase underscores the exclusivity of Jesus as the sole means of access to God. It reflects the Jewish understanding of God as the Father of Israel, yet expands it to a personal relationship available to all through Christ. This exclusivity is a central tenet of Christian doctrine, affirming that salvation is found in no one else (Acts 4:12).

except through Me
Jesus emphasizes that He is the only mediator between God and humanity, fulfilling the role of the high priest who intercedes on behalf of the people (Hebrews 4:14-16). This statement challenges any notion of alternative paths to God, reinforcing the necessity of faith in Christ for reconciliation with the Father. It also fulfills the typology of the Old Testament sacrificial system, where Jesus is the ultimate sacrifice for sin (Hebrews 10:10).

If you had known Me
This phrase emphasizes the intimate relationship between Jesus and His disciples. Knowing Jesus goes beyond mere acquaintance; it involves a deep, personal understanding of His nature and mission. In the Jewish context, "knowing" often implies a covenant relationship, as seen in the Old Testament (e.g., Jeremiah 31:34). Jesus is challenging His disciples to recognize His divine identity and mission, which is central to understanding the nature of God.

you would know My Father as well.
Here, Jesus asserts the unity between Himself and the Father. This statement reflects the theological concept of the Trinity, where the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are distinct yet one. In Jewish tradition, God is often seen as transcendent and unknowable, but Jesus reveals that knowing Him is equivalent to knowing the Father. This aligns with passages like John 10:30, "I and the Father are one," highlighting the divine nature of Christ and His role as the mediator between God and humanity.

From now on you do know Him
This marks a turning point in the disciples' understanding. Jesus is preparing them for a deeper revelation of God's nature through His impending death and resurrection. The phrase suggests a new era of revelation, where the disciples will come to know God more fully through the Holy Spirit, as promised in John 14:26. This also connects to the prophetic promise of a new covenant, where God will write His law on the hearts of His people (Jeremiah 31:33).

and have seen Him.”
Jesus concludes with a profound declaration of His divine identity. By seeing Jesus, the disciples have seen the Father, underscoring the incarnation—God made flesh. This statement is a fulfillment of the longing expressed in the Old Testament to see God (Exodus 33:20). It also foreshadows the future vision of God in the New Jerusalem, where His servants will see His face (Revelation 22:4). Jesus embodies the visible image of the invisible God (Colossians 1:15), making the divine accessible to humanity.

Philip said to Him
Philip, one of the twelve apostles, often represents the disciples' human curiosity and desire for understanding. His request reflects a common theme in the Gospels where the disciples seek clarity about Jesus' teachings. Philip's interactions with Jesus, such as in John 1:43-46 and John 6:5-7, show his practical nature and sometimes limited spiritual insight, which is evident in this request.

“Lord, show us the Father
This request echoes the deep longing for a direct revelation of God, a theme prevalent throughout the Old Testament. In Exodus 33:18-23, Moses asks to see God's glory, and God reveals His goodness but not His face. Philip's request indicates a desire for a tangible experience of God, reflecting the Jewish expectation of seeing God as a sign of divine favor and understanding. It also highlights the disciples' struggle to fully grasp Jesus' identity as the visible image of the invisible God (Colossians 1:15).

and that will be enough for us.”
Philip's statement suggests that seeing the Father would satisfy their need for proof and understanding, revealing a common human desire for certainty in faith. This reflects the broader biblical narrative where faith often requires trust beyond physical evidence, as seen in Hebrews 11:1. The disciples' journey with Jesus is a process of moving from reliance on physical signs to spiritual understanding, a transition that Jesus continually guides them through, as seen in His teachings and miracles.

Jesus replied
This phrase indicates a direct response from Jesus, highlighting the personal and relational nature of His teaching. It reflects the intimate setting of the Last Supper, where Jesus is addressing His disciples, emphasizing His role as a teacher and leader.

Philip, I have been with you all this time
Philip, one of the twelve apostles, represents the disciples' struggle to fully comprehend Jesus' identity. The phrase underscores the duration of Jesus' ministry, approximately three years, during which He performed miracles and taught about the Kingdom of God. This time frame is significant as it fulfills the prophetic timeline and establishes Jesus' authority and credibility.

and still you do not know Me?
This question reveals the disciples' incomplete understanding of Jesus' divine nature. Despite witnessing His works and hearing His teachings, they struggle with the concept of Jesus as the incarnate God. This reflects a common theme in the Gospels, where Jesus' true identity is gradually revealed and often misunderstood.

Anyone who has seen Me has seen the Father.
This statement is a profound declaration of Jesus' divinity and unity with God the Father. It echoes the prologue of John's Gospel, where Jesus is described as the Word made flesh. This connection is central to Christian theology, affirming the doctrine of the Trinity and the belief that Jesus is the visible image of the invisible God.

How can you say, ‘Show us the Father’?
This rhetorical question challenges the disciples' request for a physical manifestation of God. It highlights the spiritual blindness and lack of faith that can obscure the understanding of Jesus' divine nature. The question also serves as a call to deeper faith and recognition of Jesus as the full revelation of God, fulfilling Old Testament prophecies about the coming Messiah.

Do you not believe that I am in the Father and the Father is in Me?
This phrase emphasizes the intimate and unique relationship between Jesus and the Father, highlighting the concept of the Trinity. The unity between Jesus and the Father is a central theme in the Gospel of John, underscoring Jesus' divine nature. This relationship is also reflected in John 10:30, where Jesus states, "I and the Father are one." The mutual indwelling signifies a profound spiritual connection, which was a radical concept for the Jewish audience, who were monotheistic and did not conceive of God in such relational terms. This statement challenges the disciples to deepen their faith and understanding of Jesus' divine identity.

The words I say to you, I do not speak on My own.
Here, Jesus asserts that His teachings and messages are not self-derived but are directly from the Father. This reflects the prophetic tradition in which prophets spoke the words of God, as seen in the Old Testament. Jesus, however, surpasses the prophets by being the Word made flesh (John 1:14). His teachings carry divine authority, and this claim reinforces His role as the ultimate revelation of God. The statement also emphasizes Jesus' obedience and submission to the Father's will, a theme that is evident throughout His ministry, particularly in His prayer in the Garden of Gethsemane (Matthew 26:39).

Instead, it is the Father dwelling in Me, performing His works.
This phrase highlights the indwelling presence of the Father in Jesus, which is the source of His miraculous works. The concept of God dwelling among His people is rooted in the Old Testament, such as God's presence in the Tabernacle and the Temple. In Jesus, the fullness of God dwells bodily (Colossians 2:9), making Him the new Temple. The works performed by Jesus, including miracles and acts of compassion, are manifestations of the Father's power and purpose. This underscores the divine mission of Jesus and authenticates His claims, as seen in John 5:36, where Jesus refers to His works as testimony to His divine commission.

Believe Me that I am in the Father and the Father is in Me
This phrase emphasizes the unity and intimate relationship between Jesus and the Father. It reflects the concept of the Trinity, where Jesus is fully divine and one with God. This unity is a recurring theme in the Gospel of John, as seen in John 10:30, "I and the Father are one." The statement also echoes the Shema from Deuteronomy 6:4, a central declaration of Jewish faith, emphasizing the oneness of God. Jesus' claim here would have been radical to His Jewish audience, who understood God as singular and transcendent. This assertion of divine unity is foundational for understanding the nature of Christ and His mission.

or at least believe on account of the works themselves
Jesus appeals to His miracles and works as evidence of His divine authority and identity. Throughout the Gospel of John, Jesus' works serve as signs pointing to His divine nature and mission, such as turning water into wine (John 2:1-11) and raising Lazarus from the dead (John 11:1-44). These works fulfill Old Testament prophecies about the Messiah, such as Isaiah 35:5-6, which speaks of the blind seeing and the lame walking. The miracles are not just acts of compassion but are intended to reveal Jesus as the Son of God. This appeal to His works underscores the importance of faith based on evidence and experience, inviting believers to trust in Jesus' divine identity and mission.

Truly, truly, I tell you
This phrase, "Truly, truly," is a translation of the Greek "Amen, amen," which is used to emphasize the truth and importance of what follows. It is a solemn affirmation, often used by Jesus to introduce significant teachings. In the cultural context of the time, repetition was a common method to underscore certainty and authority.

whoever believes in Me
The phrase "whoever believes in Me" indicates the universal offer of faith in Jesus. It emphasizes personal belief and trust in Jesus as the Messiah. This belief is not merely intellectual assent but involves a deep, personal commitment. The concept of belief is central to the Gospel of John, as seen in John 3:16, where belief in Jesus leads to eternal life.

will also do the works that I am doing
The "works" refer to the miracles and acts of compassion that Jesus performed during His ministry. These works were signs pointing to His divine authority and mission. Believers are called to continue these works, empowered by the Holy Spirit, as seen in the early church's acts in the Book of Acts. This continuation of Jesus' works serves as a testimony to His ongoing presence and power in the world.

He will do even greater things than these
The "greater things" suggest that the scope and impact of the believers' works will surpass those of Jesus' earthly ministry. This is not necessarily in terms of miraculous power but in the extent and reach of the Gospel. After Jesus' ascension, the disciples, empowered by the Holy Spirit, spread the Gospel beyond the geographical confines of Israel, fulfilling the Great Commission (Matthew 28:19-20).

because I am going to the Father
Jesus' return to the Father signifies the completion of His earthly mission and the beginning of His heavenly intercession. This departure is crucial because it leads to the sending of the Holy Spirit, as promised in John 14:16-17. The Holy Spirit empowers believers to carry out the works of Jesus and to spread the Gospel to all nations, as seen in Acts 1:8. Jesus' ascension also fulfills Old Testament prophecies about the Messiah's exaltation, such as in Psalm 110:1.

And I will do whatever you ask in My name
This phrase emphasizes the power and authority of Jesus Christ. In biblical context, asking in Jesus' name implies aligning one's requests with His will and character. The name of Jesus is not a magical formula but represents His authority and mission. In the cultural context of the time, a name carried significant weight, often reflecting one's character and authority. This promise is connected to the broader biblical teaching on prayer, as seen in passages like Matthew 7:7-8 and 1 John 5:14-15, which emphasize asking according to God's will. The phrase also highlights the intimate relationship between Jesus and His followers, as they are invited to participate in His mission through prayer.

so that the Father may be glorified in the Son
This part of the verse underscores the ultimate purpose of answered prayer: the glorification of God the Father through Jesus Christ. In the historical and cultural context, glory was often associated with honor and reputation. The glorification of the Father through the Son reflects the unity and purpose within the Trinity. This theme is consistent throughout the Gospel of John, where Jesus frequently speaks of His works and words as being for the Father's glory (John 17:1-5). Theologically, this phrase points to the fulfillment of God's redemptive plan through Jesus, as seen in Philippians 2:9-11, where every knee will bow to Jesus, bringing glory to God the Father. The glorification of the Father through the Son also connects to the prophetic and typological roles of Jesus as the ultimate revelation of God's character and purpose.

If you ask Me for anything
This phrase emphasizes the direct relationship between the believer and Jesus. In the context of the Upper Room Discourse, Jesus is preparing His disciples for His departure. The promise of asking "for anything" highlights the openness and accessibility of Jesus to His followers. This reflects the intimate relationship God desires with His people, reminiscent of the Old Testament where God invites His people to call upon Him (Jeremiah 33:3). The phrase also underscores the importance of prayer in the life of a believer, as seen throughout the New Testament (Philippians 4:6).

in My name
Praying in Jesus' name is not merely a formulaic ending to prayers but signifies praying with His authority and in alignment with His will. In the cultural context of the time, a name represented the character and authority of a person. Thus, to ask in Jesus' name is to ask in accordance with His character and purposes. This concept is echoed in other scriptures, such as 1 John 5:14-15, which speaks of the confidence we have in approaching God when we ask according to His will. It also reflects the mediatory role of Jesus, as He is the one who intercedes for believers (Hebrews 7:25).

I will do it
This promise assures believers of Jesus' active role in responding to their prayers. It reflects His divine authority and power, affirming His deity. The assurance "I will do it" is a testament to His faithfulness and ability to fulfill His promises. This is consistent with the portrayal of Jesus throughout the Gospels as one who has authority over nature, sickness, and even death. It also connects to the broader biblical theme of God's faithfulness, as seen in passages like Numbers 23:19, which speaks of God's unchanging nature and reliability in keeping His word.

If you love Me
This phrase emphasizes the relational aspect of faith in Jesus. Love for Christ is not merely an emotional feeling but a commitment to Him as Lord. In the context of the Upper Room Discourse, Jesus is preparing His disciples for His departure. The love He speaks of is agape love, a selfless, sacrificial love that mirrors the love God has for humanity. This love is foundational to the Christian faith and is echoed in the greatest commandment to love God with all one's heart, soul, and mind (Matthew 22:37).

you will keep
The concept of keeping commandments is deeply rooted in Jewish tradition, where obedience to God's law was a sign of faithfulness. In the New Testament, this obedience is transformed through the lens of grace. Keeping Jesus' commandments is not about legalistic adherence but about living out the principles of His teachings. This reflects the new covenant, where the law is written on believers' hearts (Jeremiah 31:33). The Greek word for "keep" (tereo) implies guarding or preserving, indicating a careful and intentional observance.

My commandments
Jesus' commandments encompass His teachings and the moral imperatives He laid out during His ministry. This includes the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7), where He expounds on the spirit of the law, and the new commandment to love one another as He has loved us (John 13:34). The commandments of Jesus are not burdensome (1 John 5:3) but are meant to lead to a life of freedom and fulfillment in Him. They are rooted in love and are a reflection of His character, calling believers to live in a way that honors God and serves others.

And I will ask the Father
This phrase highlights the intimate relationship between Jesus and the Father, emphasizing Jesus' role as the intercessor. In the context of the Upper Room Discourse, Jesus is preparing His disciples for His departure. The act of asking the Father underscores the unity and distinct roles within the Trinity. This intercession is reminiscent of Jesus' high priestly role, as seen in Hebrews 7:25, where He continually intercedes for believers.

and He will give you another Advocate
The term "Advocate" is translated from the Greek word "Parakletos," which can mean helper, comforter, or counselor. The use of "another" indicates that the Holy Spirit will continue the work Jesus began, serving as a divine presence and guide. This promise fulfills Old Testament prophecies about God's Spirit dwelling with His people, such as in Ezekiel 36:27. The Holy Spirit's role as an advocate is further explained in John 16:7-13, where He guides believers into all truth.

to be with you forever—
This assurance of the Holy Spirit's eternal presence contrasts with the temporary nature of Jesus' earthly ministry. The promise of the Spirit's perpetual presence provides comfort and assurance to believers, ensuring they are never alone. This eternal indwelling is a fulfillment of the New Covenant promise found in Jeremiah 31:33, where God declares He will put His law within His people and write it on their hearts. The permanence of the Spirit's presence signifies the unbreakable bond between God and His people, a theme echoed in Romans 8:9-11.

the Spirit of truth
This phrase refers to the Holy Spirit, who is characterized by truth and is the source of divine truth. In the context of John's Gospel, truth is a central theme, with Jesus Himself being described as "the way, the truth, and the life" (John 14:6). The Holy Spirit's role is to guide believers into all truth (John 16:13), revealing the truth of God's Word and the reality of Jesus Christ. The Spirit of truth contrasts with the spirit of error and deception prevalent in the world (1 John 4:6).

The world cannot receive Him
The "world" here refers to the system of human society that is opposed to God and His purposes. This world is characterized by unbelief and spiritual blindness, unable to accept the Holy Spirit because it operates on a different plane of understanding. The inability to receive the Spirit is due to a lack of faith and spiritual discernment, as Paul explains in 1 Corinthians 2:14, where the natural person does not accept the things of the Spirit of God.

because it neither sees Him nor knows Him
The world is limited to physical perception and does not recognize the spiritual reality of the Holy Spirit. This echoes the earlier theme in John's Gospel where Jesus is not recognized by the world (John 1:10). The knowledge of the Holy Spirit is not intellectual but relational and experiential, requiring a heart open to God's revelation.

But you do know Him
Jesus assures His disciples that they have a personal relationship with the Holy Spirit. This knowledge is based on their relationship with Jesus, who has revealed the Father to them. The disciples' understanding of the Spirit is rooted in their faith and the teachings they have received from Jesus, distinguishing them from the unbelieving world.

for He abides with you
The Holy Spirit's presence with the disciples is a current reality. This abiding presence is a fulfillment of God's promise to dwell with His people, as seen in the Old Testament (Exodus 29:45-46). The Spirit's abiding presence is a source of comfort, guidance, and empowerment for the disciples, enabling them to continue Jesus' mission.

and will be in you
This future promise points to the coming of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost (Acts 2), when the Spirit would indwell believers permanently. This indwelling marks a new era in God's relationship with His people, where the Spirit empowers, sanctifies, and seals believers for redemption (Ephesians 1:13-14). The indwelling Spirit is a guarantee of the believer's inheritance and a foretaste of eternal life.

I will not leave you as orphans;
In this phrase, Jesus reassures His disciples of His continued presence and care. The term "orphans" suggests a state of abandonment and vulnerability, which the disciples might have felt with Jesus' impending departure. In the cultural context of the time, orphans were often left without protection or provision, highlighting the depth of Jesus' promise. This assurance connects to the broader biblical theme of God as a Father to the fatherless (Psalm 68:5). Theologically, it underscores the promise of the Holy Spirit, who would come as a Comforter and Advocate (John 14:16-17), ensuring that the disciples would not be left alone.

I will come to you.
This phrase can be understood in multiple layers. Primarily, it refers to Jesus' resurrection, where He would physically return to His disciples, affirming His victory over death and His divine nature. Additionally, it points to the coming of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost, where Jesus' presence would be manifested spiritually within the believers (Acts 2:1-4). This promise also has eschatological implications, foreshadowing Jesus' second coming, where He will return in glory (Acts 1:11). Theologically, it emphasizes the continuity of Jesus' relationship with His followers, assuring them of His eternal presence and the fulfillment of His promises.

In a little while the world will see Me no more
This phrase refers to the imminent crucifixion of Jesus. Historically, this was a time of great tension in Jerusalem, as Jesus' teachings had stirred both hope and controversy. The "world" here represents those who do not believe in Jesus, who will no longer see Him physically after His death. This also foreshadows His burial and the period before His resurrection. Theologically, it highlights the separation between the spiritual insight of believers and the physical perception of non-believers.

but you will see Me
This promise is directed to the disciples, indicating that they will witness Jesus' resurrection. It underscores the intimate relationship between Jesus and His followers, who will experience His presence in a way the world cannot. This also points to the post-resurrection appearances of Jesus, where He revealed Himself to His disciples, affirming their faith and commissioning them for future ministry.

Because I live, you also will live
This statement is a profound declaration of the resurrection's power. Jesus' victory over death ensures eternal life for His followers. It connects to the broader biblical theme of life through Christ, as seen in passages like Romans 6:8-11, which speaks of believers living with Christ. This assurance of life is both spiritual, in the present, and physical, in the future resurrection. It emphasizes the transformative power of Jesus' resurrection, offering hope and assurance to believers.

On that day
This phrase refers to a future time when the disciples will gain a deeper understanding of Jesus' relationship with the Father and their own relationship with Him. It is often interpreted as the day of Pentecost when the Holy Spirit was given to the believers, as described in Acts 2. This event marked a significant turning point in the early church, empowering the disciples to spread the gospel with boldness and clarity.

you will know
The knowledge mentioned here is not merely intellectual but experiential and spiritual. It signifies a profound realization and assurance that comes through the Holy Spirit. This aligns with the promise of the Spirit as the Counselor who will teach and remind the disciples of everything Jesus has said (John 14:26).

that I am in My Father
This phrase emphasizes the unity and intimate relationship between Jesus and the Father. It reflects the theological concept of the Trinity, where the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are distinct yet one. This unity is a recurring theme in John's Gospel, as seen in John 10:30, where Jesus declares, "I and the Father are one."

and you are in Me
Here, Jesus speaks of the believers' union with Him. This concept is foundational to Christian identity and is further elaborated in passages like John 15:5, where Jesus describes Himself as the vine and believers as the branches. This union signifies a shared life, purpose, and destiny with Christ.

and I am in you
This phrase highlights the indwelling presence of Christ in the believer through the Holy Spirit. It is a promise of continual fellowship and empowerment, as seen in Galatians 2:20, where Paul states, "Christ lives in me." This indwelling is a source of strength, guidance, and transformation for the believer.

Whoever has My commandments and keeps them
This phrase emphasizes the importance of not only knowing Jesus' teachings but also actively living them out. In the Jewish tradition, the law was central to religious life, and Jesus' commandments are seen as a fulfillment and expansion of the Mosaic Law. The concept of keeping commandments is deeply rooted in the Old Testament, where obedience to God's law was a sign of faithfulness (Deuteronomy 6:1-9). The New Testament continues this theme, with Jesus summarizing the law in the commandments to love God and love others (Matthew 22:37-40).

is the one who loves Me.
Love for Jesus is demonstrated through obedience. This reflects the covenant relationship seen throughout the Bible, where love and obedience are intertwined (1 John 5:3). In the cultural context of the time, love was often expressed through actions rather than just emotions. This aligns with the Hebrew understanding of love as a commitment to act in accordance with God's will.

The one who loves Me will be loved by My Father,
This statement highlights the reciprocal nature of the relationship between believers, Jesus, and the Father. It echoes the covenantal promises found in the Old Testament, where God's love and favor are bestowed upon those who are faithful (Exodus 20:6). The Father’s love is a central theme in the New Testament, emphasizing the unity and shared purpose within the Trinity (John 3:16).

and I will love him
Jesus' love is personal and active. This assurance of love is a promise of His ongoing presence and care. The love of Christ is a recurring theme in the New Testament, often linked with His sacrificial death and resurrection (Romans 5:8). This love is transformative, leading believers into a deeper relationship with God.

and reveal Myself to him.”
Revelation here refers to a deeper understanding and experience of Jesus' nature and mission. This promise of revelation is fulfilled through the Holy Spirit, who guides believers into all truth (John 16:13). The concept of revelation is significant in biblical prophecy, where God unveils His plans and purposes to His people. This personal revelation is part of the believer's spiritual growth and sanctification process.

Judas (not Iscariot) asked Him
This Judas is identified as Thaddaeus in other Gospel accounts (Matthew 10:3, Mark 3:18). He is one of the lesser-known apostles, distinct from Judas Iscariot, the betrayer. His question reflects a genuine curiosity and concern for understanding Jesus' mission. The distinction highlights the importance of individual identity and roles within the group of disciples.

“Lord, why are You going to reveal Yourself to us
The use of "Lord" signifies respect and acknowledgment of Jesus' authority. The concept of revelation is central to the Gospel of John, where Jesus often speaks of revealing the Father to those who believe (John 1:18, 14:9). This revelation is spiritual and personal, intended for those who have faith and are open to receiving it.

and not to the world?”
The "world" in John's Gospel often refers to the system of unbelief and opposition to God (John 15:18-19). Jesus' selective revelation underscores the theme of divine election and the idea that spiritual truths are discerned by those who are spiritually receptive (1 Corinthians 2:14). This also foreshadows the Great Commission, where the disciples are tasked with spreading the Gospel to the world (Matthew 28:19-20), indicating that the revelation to the disciples is a precursor to a broader mission.

Jesus replied
This phrase indicates a response from Jesus, suggesting a continuation of a dialogue. In the context of John 14, Jesus is speaking to His disciples during the Last Supper, providing them with comfort and instruction before His impending crucifixion. This setting is intimate and significant, as Jesus is preparing His followers for His departure and the coming of the Holy Spirit.

If anyone loves Me
Love for Jesus is a central theme in the New Testament, emphasizing a personal and relational aspect of faith. This love is not merely emotional but is demonstrated through actions and obedience. The concept of loving God is rooted in the Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4-5), which calls for loving God with all one's heart, soul, and strength.

he will keep My word
Obedience to Jesus' teachings is a natural outflow of genuine love for Him. This phrase underscores the importance of adhering to the teachings of Christ as a demonstration of faith. It echoes the covenantal language found throughout the Old Testament, where obedience to God's commands is a sign of loyalty and devotion (e.g., Exodus 19:5).

My Father will love him
This statement highlights the reciprocal nature of the relationship between God and believers. The love of the Father is assured to those who love and obey Jesus. It reflects the unity and shared purpose between the Father and the Son, as seen in passages like John 10:30, where Jesus declares, "I and the Father are one."

and We will come to him
The use of "We" signifies the presence of both the Father and the Son with the believer. This promise of divine presence is a profound assurance of God's nearness and involvement in the life of a believer. It anticipates the coming of the Holy Spirit, who will dwell within believers, as further explained in John 14:16-17.

and make Our home with him
The imagery of making a home suggests a permanent and intimate relationship. This echoes the Old Testament concept of God dwelling among His people, as seen in the tabernacle and temple (Exodus 25:8, 1 Kings 8:27). In the New Testament, this indwelling presence is fulfilled through the Holy Spirit, making each believer a temple of God (1 Corinthians 6:19). This promise assures believers of God's continual presence and fellowship.

Whoever does not love Me
This phrase emphasizes the centrality of love in the relationship between Jesus and His followers. In the biblical context, love is not merely an emotion but a commitment to obedience and faithfulness. The concept of love here aligns with the Shema in Deuteronomy 6:5, which commands love for God with all one's heart, soul, and strength. In the New Testament, love is a defining characteristic of a disciple (John 13:35).

does not keep My words.
Keeping Jesus' words implies obedience to His teachings and commandments. This reflects the Jewish understanding of the Torah, where adherence to God's law was a sign of devotion. In the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 7:24-27), Jesus compares those who hear His words and act on them to a wise man who builds his house on the rock. The connection between love and obedience is a recurring theme in John's Gospel (John 14:15).

The word that you hear is not My own,
Jesus emphasizes His unity with the Father, indicating that His teachings are not independent but are divinely sourced. This reflects the Jewish concept of a prophet who speaks not on his own authority but as a mouthpiece for God. In John 7:16, Jesus states, "My teaching is not My own. It comes from Him who sent Me," reinforcing His role as the divine messenger.

but it is from the Father who sent Me.
This phrase underscores the mission and authority of Jesus as the sent one from God. The concept of being "sent" is significant in John's Gospel, highlighting Jesus' divine origin and purpose (John 3:17, John 5:36). The Father-Son relationship is central to understanding the nature of Jesus' ministry and His fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies concerning the Messiah, such as Isaiah 61:1, which speaks of being anointed and sent by God.

All this I have spoken to you
This phrase refers to the teachings and instructions Jesus has given to His disciples throughout His ministry. It encompasses the lessons on love, servanthood, and the coming of the Holy Spirit. The context is the Upper Room Discourse, where Jesus prepares His disciples for His impending departure. This teaching is a continuation of His mission to reveal the Father and His kingdom. It connects to the broader narrative of Jesus as the Word made flesh (John 1:14), emphasizing His role as the divine teacher.

while I am still with you.
Here, Jesus acknowledges His physical presence with the disciples, which is soon to change with His crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension. This statement underscores the urgency and importance of His teachings, as His time on earth is limited. It also highlights the transition from Jesus' earthly ministry to the work of the Holy Spirit, who will continue to guide and teach the disciples after Jesus' departure. This transition is a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies about the coming of a new covenant, where God's Spirit will dwell within His people (Jeremiah 31:31-34, Ezekiel 36:26-27).

But the Advocate, the Holy Spirit
The term "Advocate" is translated from the Greek word "Parakletos," which means one who is called alongside to help, comfort, or intercede. The Holy Spirit is introduced as a divine helper, emphasizing His role in guiding and supporting believers. This aligns with the Old Testament understanding of God's Spirit as a source of wisdom and strength (Isaiah 11:2). The Holy Spirit's presence fulfills Jesus' promise to not leave His followers as orphans (John 14:18).

whom the Father will send in My name
This phrase highlights the Trinitarian relationship between the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. The Father sending the Spirit in Jesus' name signifies the authority and mission of the Spirit to continue the work of Christ. It reflects the unity and distinct roles within the Godhead. The sending of the Spirit is a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies, such as Joel 2:28-29, where God promises to pour out His Spirit on all people.

will teach you all things
The Holy Spirit's role as a teacher is crucial for the early disciples and the church. He provides understanding and insight into the truths of God, which is essential for the growth and maturity of believers. This teaching ministry is seen in the Spirit's inspiration of Scripture (2 Timothy 3:16) and His guidance into all truth (John 16:13). The Spirit's teaching is not limited to intellectual knowledge but includes spiritual wisdom and discernment.

and will remind you of everything I have told you
The Holy Spirit's role in reminding the disciples of Jesus' teachings is vital for the preservation and transmission of the Gospel. This divine reminder ensures the accuracy and reliability of the apostolic witness, which forms the foundation of the New Testament. The Spirit's work in reminding is also personal, helping believers recall and apply Jesus' words in their daily lives. This promise is particularly significant in the context of the Last Supper, where Jesus prepares His disciples for His departure and the coming of the Spirit.

Peace I leave with you;
This phrase signifies a parting gift from Jesus to His disciples. In the context of the Last Supper, Jesus is preparing His followers for His imminent departure. The concept of peace (shalom in Hebrew) is deeply rooted in Jewish culture, representing not just the absence of conflict but a holistic sense of well-being and harmony. This peace is a legacy Jesus imparts, contrasting with the turmoil of the world.

My peace I give to you.
Jesus emphasizes that the peace He offers is His own, distinct from any peace the world might offer. This peace is rooted in a relationship with God and is a fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22). It is a peace that surpasses all understanding (Philippians 4:7), grounded in the assurance of salvation and eternal life through Christ.

I do not give to you as the world gives.
The world's peace is often temporary and conditional, based on circumstances or human agreements. In contrast, Jesus' peace is unconditional and eternal, not subject to the changing tides of worldly events. This reflects the biblical theme of God's ways being higher than human ways (Isaiah 55:8-9).

Do not let your hearts be troubled;
This is a direct command from Jesus, encouraging His disciples to trust in Him despite the impending challenges. The Greek word for "troubled" (tarassō) implies agitation or disturbance. Jesus reassures them that His peace can calm their inner turmoil, echoing His earlier words in John 14:1.

do not be afraid.
Fear is a natural human response to uncertainty and danger. Jesus calls His followers to a higher standard of faith, trusting in His sovereignty and love. This echoes the frequent biblical exhortation to "fear not," found throughout Scripture, reminding believers of God's constant presence and protection (Isaiah 41:10).

You heard Me say, ‘I am going away, and I am coming back to you.’
This phrase reflects Jesus' earlier teachings about His departure and return. In the context of the Last Supper, Jesus prepares His disciples for His imminent crucifixion, resurrection, and eventual ascension. The promise of His return can be seen as both His post-resurrection appearances and His second coming. This duality is consistent with the Jewish understanding of the Messiah's role, which includes both suffering and reigning. The assurance of His return provides hope and continuity for the disciples, aligning with prophecies such as those found in Isaiah 53 and Daniel 7:13-14.

If you loved Me, you would rejoice that I am going to the Father,
Here, Jesus challenges the disciples' understanding of love and faith. The statement implies that true love for Jesus would recognize the significance of His return to the Father. This return signifies the completion of His earthly mission and the beginning of His heavenly intercession. Theologically, it underscores the importance of Jesus' ascension, as seen in Hebrews 4:14-16, where He serves as the high priest. The disciples' sorrow at His departure is natural, yet Jesus calls them to a higher understanding of His divine purpose.

because the Father is greater than I.
This phrase has been the subject of much theological discussion. It emphasizes the functional subordination of the Son to the Father during His earthly ministry, without implying inequality in essence or nature. This aligns with the doctrine of the Trinity, where the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are co-equal and co-eternal. The statement reflects Jesus' humility and obedience, as seen in Philippians 2:5-11, where He willingly submits to the Father's will. It also highlights the relational dynamic within the Godhead, where Jesus' return to the Father signifies the restoration of His pre-incarnate glory, as mentioned in John 17:5.

And now I have told you before it happens
This phrase highlights Jesus' foreknowledge and His role as a prophet. In the context of the Upper Room Discourse, Jesus is preparing His disciples for His impending death, resurrection, and ascension. This foretelling is consistent with the prophetic tradition in the Old Testament, where prophets often announced events before they occurred (e.g., Isaiah 42:9). Jesus' ability to predict future events underscores His divine nature and authority, aligning with His identity as the Son of God.

so that when it does happen
Jesus emphasizes the purpose of His prophecy: to strengthen the faith of His disciples. The events He refers to include His crucifixion and resurrection, which were difficult for the disciples to comprehend at the time. By predicting these events, Jesus provides a foundation for their faith, ensuring that when these events unfold, the disciples will recognize them as fulfillment of His words. This is similar to how Old Testament prophecies were fulfilled in the New Testament, serving as a testament to God's sovereign plan.

you will believe
The ultimate goal of Jesus' foretelling is to foster belief. This belief is not just intellectual assent but a deep, trusting faith in Jesus as the Messiah and Son of God. The disciples' belief would be crucial for the establishment of the early Church and the spread of the Gospel. This phrase also connects to the broader theme of faith in the Gospel of John, where belief in Jesus is central to receiving eternal life (John 20:31). Jesus' predictions and their fulfillment serve as a catalyst for the disciples' faith, enabling them to witness boldly to others.

I will not speak with you much longer
This phrase indicates the urgency and brevity of Jesus' remaining time with His disciples. It is set during the Last Supper, a pivotal moment before His crucifixion. Jesus is preparing His disciples for His imminent departure, emphasizing the importance of His final teachings. This moment is part of the Upper Room Discourse, where Jesus provides comfort and instruction to His followers. The urgency reflects the fulfillment of His earthly mission and the transition to His sacrificial role.

for the prince of this world is coming
The "prince of this world" refers to Satan, who is often depicted as having temporary authority over earthly matters. This phrase highlights the spiritual battle between Jesus and the forces of evil. Satan's influence is evident in the betrayal by Judas and the subsequent events leading to the crucifixion. The coming of the "prince" signifies the intensification of this spiritual conflict. This aligns with other scriptural references to Satan's role, such as in Ephesians 2:2 and 2 Corinthians 4:4, where he is described as having dominion over the present age.

and he has no claim on Me
This statement asserts Jesus' sinlessness and His authority over Satan. Despite Satan's attempts to thwart God's plan, he has no power over Jesus, who is without sin and fully obedient to the Father. This echoes the prophecy of Genesis 3:15, where the serpent's head is destined to be crushed by the seed of the woman. Jesus' declaration of having no claim by Satan underscores His divine nature and the ultimate victory over sin and death. It reassures believers of Jesus' purity and the certainty of His redemptive work.

But I do exactly what the Father has commanded Me
This phrase emphasizes Jesus' perfect obedience to God the Father, highlighting His role as the obedient Son. This obedience is a fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies about the Messiah, such as Isaiah 53:10, which speaks of the suffering servant who fulfills God's will. Jesus' obedience is also a model for believers, as seen in Philippians 2:8, where Paul describes Christ's humility and obedience even to death on a cross. This obedience underscores the unity and harmony within the Trinity, as Jesus acts in complete alignment with the Father's will.

so that the world may know that I love the Father
Here, Jesus reveals the purpose of His obedience: to demonstrate His love for the Father. This love is not merely emotional but is expressed through action and obedience, setting a standard for believers. The world, in this context, refers to humanity at large, including both Jews and Gentiles. This statement also connects to John 3:16, where God's love for the world is demonstrated through the giving of His Son. Jesus' love for the Father is a reflection of the divine love that believers are called to emulate, as seen in 1 John 4:19.

Get up! Let us go on from here
This phrase marks a transition in the narrative, as Jesus prepares to leave the upper room with His disciples. It signifies a shift from teaching to action, as Jesus moves towards His impending arrest and crucifixion. The urgency in Jesus' command reflects the pressing nature of His mission. Geographically, this movement likely takes them towards the Garden of Gethsemane, a place of significant events leading to Jesus' arrest. This call to action can also be seen as a metaphor for the Christian life, urging believers to move forward in faith and obedience, as echoed in Hebrews 12:1-2, which encourages believers to run the race set before them with perseverance.