Lexical Summary shaqah: To give drink, to water, to irrigate Original Word: שָׁקָה Strong's Exhaustive Concordance cause to give, give to, let, make to drink, drown, moisten, water A primitive root; to quaff, i.e. (causatively) to irrigate or furnish a potion to -- cause to (give, give to, let, make to) drink, drown, moisten, water. See shakar, shathah. see HEBREW shakar see HEBREW shathah NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. root Definition cause to drink water, give to drink NASB Translation drink (23), drinks were served (1), gave him a drink (2), gave me to drink (1), gave the a drink (1), gave them drink (2), give (5), give him to drink (1), give me to drink (2), give them to drink (1), give drink (2), given (1), given to drink (1), given us to drink (1), giving him a drink (1), irrigate (1), made them to drink (1), moist (1), provided him to drink (1), water (12), watered (5), waters (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs [שָׁקָה] verb Hiph`il cause to drink water, give to drink (Late Hebrew Hiph`il id.; Arabic  I. give to drink; Sabean סקי be irrigated FellZMG liv (1900), 246, מסקי drinks HomChr 124, מסתקין id. DHMHofmus., No. 1, l. 7; Ethiopic  water, irrigate; Assyrian ša‡û I. = Hebrew Hiph`il, Aramaic שְׁקָא,  Aph`el); — for Qal see שָׁתָה; — Perfect3masculine singular consecutive וְהִשְׁקָה Genesis 2:6 +, suffix וְהִשְׁקָהּ Numbers 5:27; 2masculine singular consecutive וְהִשְׁקִיתָ Numbers 20:8 +; 1 singular consecutive וְהִשְׁקֵיתִי Ezekiel 32:6, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יַשְׁקֶה Numbers 5:26, וַיַּשְׁקְ Genesis 29:10 +, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix הַשְׁקִ֫הוּ Proverbs 25:21; feminine singular suffix הַשְׁקֹ֫ינִי Genesis 24:43 +; Infinitive construct הַשְׁקוֺת Genesis 2:10 +, suffix הַשְׁקֹתוֺ Genesis 24:19; Participle מַשְׁקֶה Psalm 104:13, construct Habakkuk 2:15 (see also I., II. מַשְׁקֶה); — 1 water, irrigate, ground: subject mist Genesis 2:6, river Genesis 2:10 (both J), spring Joel 4:18; subject ׳י Isaiah 27:3 (כֶּרֶם), Ezekiel 17:7 (גֶּפֶן), both in figure, figurative also Ezekiel 32:6 water land מִדָּם; literal with מִן of source Psalm 104:13 (הָרִים) and (subject man) Ecclesiastes 2:6 (יַעַר). 2 water, give drink to, usually human subject, accusative of beast, Genesis 24:14,46 (twice in verse); Genesis 29:2 (מִן of source), Genesis 29:3; Genesis 29:7; Genesis 29:8; Genesis 29:10; Exodus 2:16,17,19 (all J), Psalm 104:11 (subject springs); accusative of person Genesis 21:19 (E), Genesis 24:18,19,45 (J), Habakkuk 2:15 (figurative), Isaiah 43:20 (׳י subject), Psalm 78:15 (id.), 2 Chronicles 28:15, with ב of vessel Esther 1:7; with accusative of person and animal. Numbers 20:8 (P); give one something to drink, accusative of person + of thing (water, wine, etc.), Amos 2:12; Genesis 19:32,33,34,35; Genesis 24:43 (all J), Judges 4:19; 1 Samuel 30:11; 2 Samuel 23:15 = 1 Chronicles 11:15; Job 22:7, compare Songs 8:2 (מִיַּיִן); figurative Jeremiah 8:14; Jeremiah 9:14; Jeremiah 16:7; Jeremiah 23:15; Jeremiah 25:15; Psalm 69:22, compare וְנַחַל עֲדָנֶיךָ תַשְׁקֵם Psalm 36:9, and וַתַּשְׁקֵ֫מוֺ בִּדְמָעוֺת Psalm 80:6; accusative of thing omitted, literal Judges 4:19; Exodus 32:20 (E), figurative Jeremiah 25:17. — See also I.מַשְׁקֶה infra. Pu`al Imperfect3masculine singular וּמֹחַ עַצְמוֺתָיו יְשֻׁקֶּה Job 21:24 the marrow of his bones is watered, (refreshed, invigorated). — נשׁקה Amos 8:8 see שׁקע. p. 1054. Topical Lexicon Range of Meaning and Core Idea שָׁקָה depicts the act of causing someone or something to drink or be saturated with water, whether by hand, by irrigation channels, or by divine action from heaven or rock. Scripture employs the verb both literally and figuratively, portraying refreshment, blessing, judgment, and covenant faithfulness. Provision for Creation The first appearance (Genesis 2:6) locates the verb at the dawn of history: “springs welled up from the earth and watered the whole surface of the ground”. This sets the tone for later usage: God Himself replenishes the earth He formed. Psalms celebrates the same rhythm: “You visit the earth and water it abundantly” (Psalm 65:9) and “He waters the mountains from His chambers” (Psalm 104:13). Thus שָׁקָה underscores the Creator’s continual care over a dependent creation. Agricultural Fertility and Land Theology Israel’s agrarian life depended on rainfall rather than Nile-style irrigation. Deuteronomy 11:10 contrasts Egypt, “where you sowed your seed and irrigated it by hand,” with the land that “drinks rain from heaven” (verse 11, cf. 8:7). The verb highlights that covenant blessing is not humanly engineered but divinely bestowed. Prophets adopt the imagery for future abundance: “I will pour water on the thirsty land” (Isaiah 44:3; verb implied) and “The LORD will guide you continually… and you will be like a watered garden” (Isaiah 58:11). Pastoral Responsibilities In patriarchal narratives שָׁקָה appears in the daily routines of shepherds: Genesis 29:2–10, 30:38–43, and 37:24. Watering the flock signified competent leadership and anticipated the shepherd-king theme in later Scripture (compare Ezekiel 34). Jacob’s well-side meeting with Rachel and Moses’ defense of Midianite shepherdesses (Exodus 2:16–17) set a precedent for Messiah, the ultimate Shepherd who offers “living water” (John 4), though expressed in Greek. Hospitality and Covenant Kindness Offering a traveler a drink embodied covenant loyalty. Abraham’s servant sought a bride for Isaac who would not only “give me a drink” but also “water your camels” (Genesis 24:14–20). Ruth was invited: “When you are thirsty, go to the jars and drink from what the men have drawn” (Ruth 2:9). Later wisdom codifies the ethic: “If your enemy is thirsty, give him water to drink” (Proverbs 25:21; cf. Romans 12:20). Miraculous Supply and National Deliverance Twice in the wilderness Moses “brought water out of the rock for the congregation and their livestock to drink” (Numbers 20:8–11; see also Exodus 17:6 using a cognate). At Lehi Samson was revived when “God split the hollow place… and water came out” (Judges 15:19). These interventions elevated שָׁקָה from ordinary provision to redemptive sign, later interpreted Christologically (1 Corinthians 10:4). Judgment and Testing The same verb describes the ordeal of the suspected adulteress who was forced to drink bitter water (Numbers 5:24). Prophets threaten hostile nations with an intoxicating draught of wrath (Jeremiah 25:15; Habakkuk 2:15, using שָׁקָה in causative form). Thus the cup can bless or condemn depending on covenant stance. Royal and Messianic Imagery Kingship passages link drinking to victory and dominion. “He will drink from a brook by the way; therefore He will lift up His head” (Psalm 110:7). Balaam foresaw Israel’s future: “Water will flow from his buckets” (Numbers 24:7). Zechariah envisages end-time streams “living” from Jerusalem (Zechariah 14:8), carrying the idea toward Revelation 22:1. Representative Occurrences • Genesis 24:46; 29:10 Theological and Ministry Implications 1. Dependence: Human labor is necessary, yet divine watering remains decisive (1 Corinthians 3:6–7). From Genesis to the Prophets, שָׁקָה pictures the God who quenches, the people who serve by sharing, and the sobering alternative of judgment. The verb therefore invites believers to trust the Lord’s provision, practice generous hospitality, and proclaim the living water found in His Son. Forms and Transliterations אַשְׁקְךָ֙ אַשְׁקֶ֑ה אַשְׁקֶ֑נָּה אשקה אשקך אשקנה הִ֝שְׁקִיתָ֗נוּ הִשְׁקָֽתָה׃ הַשְׁק֥וּ הַשְׁקִ֥ינִי הַשְׁקִֽינִי־ הַשְׁקִינִי־ הַשְׁקֵ֥הוּ השקהו השקו השקיני השקיני־ השקיתנו השקתה׃ וְהִשְׁק֖וּ וְהִשְׁקִ֖ינוּ וְהִשְׁקִ֥יתָ וְהִשְׁקִיתִ֖ים וְהִשְׁקִיתָ֤ה וְהִשְׁקִיתָ֥ וְהִשְׁקִתִ֖ים וְהִשְׁקֵיתִ֨י וְהִשְׁקָ֖ה וְהִשְׁקָ֣הּ וְהִשְׁקָה֙ וְהַשְׁקוֹת֙ וַ֝יַּ֗שְׁקְ וַ֝תַּשְׁקֵ֗מוֹ וַיַּ֕שְׁקְ וַיַּ֖שְׁקְ וַיַּשְׁק֜וּם וַיַּשְׁקֵ֣נוּ וַיַּשְׁקֻ֖הוּ וַתַּ֖שְׁקְ וַתַּשְׁק֥וּ וַתַּשְׁקֵ֖הוּ וַתַּשְׁקֵֽהוּ׃ וַתַּשְׁקֶ֜יןָ וַתַּשְׁקֶ֧יןָ וָֽאַשְׁקֶה֙ ואשקה והשקה והשקו והשקות והשקינו והשקית והשקיתה והשקיתי והשקיתים והשקתים וישק וישקהו וישקום וישקנו ותשק ותשקהו ותשקהו׃ ותשקו ותשקין ותשקמו יְשֻׁקֶּֽה׃ יַ֭שְׁקוּ יַשְׁק֖וּ יַשְׁק֤וּ יַשְׁק֥וּנִי יַשְׁקֵ֣נִי יַשְׁקֶ֥ה ישקה ישקה׃ ישקו ישקוני ישקני לְהַשְׁק֖וֹת לְהַשְׁק֣וֹת לְהַשְׁקֹת֑וֹ להשקות להשקתו מַשְׁקֵ֣ה מַשְׁקֶ֣ה משקה נַשְׁקֶ֧ה נַשְׁקֶ֨נּוּ נשקה נשקנו תַּשְׁקֶ֑ה תַשְׁקֵֽם׃ תשקה תשקם׃ ’aš·qə·ḵā ’aš·qeh ’aš·qen·nāh ’ašqeh ’ašqəḵā ’ašqennāh ashkeCha ashKeh ashKennah haš·qê·hū haš·qî·nî haš·qî·nî- haš·qū hashKehu hashkini hashKu hašqêhū hašqînî hašqînî- hašqū hiš·qā·ṯāh hiš·qî·ṯā·nū hishKatah hishkiTanu hišqāṯāh hišqîṯānū lə·haš·qō·ṯōw lə·haš·qō·wṯ lehashKot lehashkoTo ləhašqōṯōw ləhašqōwṯ maš·qeh maš·qêh mashKeh mašqeh mašqêh naš·qeh naš·qen·nū nashKeh nashKennu našqeh našqennū taš·qeh ṯaš·qêm tashKeh tashKem tašqeh ṯašqêm vaashKeh vaiYashk vaiyashKenu vaiyashKuhu vaiyashKum vatTashk vattashKehu vattashKeina vattashKemov vattashKu vehashkOt vehishKah vehishkeiTi vehishKinu vehishkiTa vehishkiTah vehishkiTim vehishKu wā’ašqeh wā·’aš·qeh wat·taš·qê·hū wat·taš·qê·mōw wat·taš·qe·nā wat·taš·qū wat·tašq wattašq wattašqêhū wattašqêmōw wattašqenā wattašqū way·yaš·qê·nū way·yaš·qu·hū way·yaš·qūm way·yašq wayyašq wayyašqênū wayyašquhū wayyašqūm wə·haš·qō·wṯ wə·hiš·qāh wə·hiš·qê·ṯî wə·hiš·qî·nū wə·hiš·qî·ṯā wə·hiš·qî·ṯāh wə·hiš·qi·ṯîm wə·hiš·qî·ṯîm wə·hiš·qū wəhašqōwṯ wəhišqāh wəhišqêṯî wəhišqînū wəhišqîṯā wəhišqîṯāh wəhišqiṯîm wəhišqîṯîm wəhišqū yaš·qê·nî yaš·qeh yaš·qū yaš·qū·nî yashKeh yashKeni yashKu yashKuni yašqeh yašqênî yašqū yašqūnî yə·šuq·qeh yeshukKeh yəšuqqehLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 2:6 HEB: מִן־ הָאָ֑רֶץ וְהִשְׁקָ֖ה אֶֽת־ כָּל־ NAS: from the earth and water the whole KJV: the earth, and watered the whole face INT: from the earth and water the whole surface Genesis 2:10 Genesis 19:32 Genesis 19:33 Genesis 19:34 Genesis 19:35 Genesis 21:19 Genesis 24:14 Genesis 24:18 Genesis 24:19 Genesis 24:43 Genesis 24:45 Genesis 24:46 Genesis 24:46 Genesis 29:2 Genesis 29:3 Genesis 29:7 Genesis 29:8 Genesis 29:10 Exodus 2:16 Exodus 2:17 Exodus 2:19 Exodus 32:20 Numbers 5:24 Numbers 5:26 61 Occurrences |
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